Other primary headache disorders: Data from the HEAD-MENA-A study in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East

A Ç Atalar¹, H Genç², E Ur Özçelik³, H Bolay⁴, D Uluduz⁵, Unal-Cevik 1st⁶, N Kissani⁷, O Luvsannorov⁸, M Togha⁹, A Ozge¹⁰, B Baykan¹¹; Head-MENA-A study group

Collaborators, Affiliations

Collaborators

Head-MENA-A study group:
M Cakan⁶, A K Ak¹², F Celik¹², M O Orun², D Seker¹³, A Kucuk¹⁴, S Ozkan², M Kiraz², T C Sirin¹⁵, R Ocal¹⁶, H A Hakyemez¹³, M O Yener¹⁷, V A Serim¹³, N Cınar¹⁸, E D Unal¹⁹, F M Domac²⁰, M F Ates¹⁸, B G Turkoglu²¹, G Gursoy²², S Cekic²³, S K Aslan¹⁸, D Agırcan²⁴, A C Oktar²⁵, E A Demirel²⁶, P Gelener²⁷, E A A E Ibrahim²⁸, A Evlice²⁹, G Gorken², Z S Sanlı³⁰, B R H Bayır³¹, N Tepe³², T Okluoglu³³, T G Demir²⁴, M Y Badr³⁴, D Vurallı⁴, E Jafari⁹, B Polat³⁵, A Ermis³⁵, E Khanmammadov³⁵, O Yolcu¹⁰, B Kul³⁶, F Sakadi³⁷, S Ulutas³⁸, T Akturk³⁸, T M Ketema³⁹, S Lala⁴⁰, A P S A Cedric⁴¹, S K Velioglu⁴², O Kırbasoglu⁴², R R Moustafa⁴³, A G Nowar⁴³, S C Kabay⁴⁴, V K Gumanovna⁴⁵, Y M Yifru³⁹, S Nasergivehchi⁹, I Azizova⁴⁶, O Kizek⁴⁷, E Ekizoglu⁴⁷, E K Orhan⁴⁷, D Melka³⁹, B Alemayehu³⁹

Affiliations

¹ Health Sciences University, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: cimenatalar@gmail.com.
² University of Health Sciences, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkiye.
³ Health Sciences University, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
⁴ Gazi University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology and Algology, NOROM, Ankara, Turkiye.
⁵ Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
⁶ Hacettepe University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Ankara, Turkiye.
⁷ Neuroscience Research Laboratory in Marrakech Medical School, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
⁸ Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
⁹ Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Tehran, Iran.
¹⁰ Mersin University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Mersin, Turkiye.
¹¹ Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye; EMAR Medical Center, Istanbul, Turkiye.
¹² Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Manisa, Turkiye.
¹³ Giresun University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Giresun, Turkiye.
¹⁴ University of Health Sciences, Konya Beyhekim Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Konya, Turkiye.
¹⁵ University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
¹⁶ University of Health Sciences, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Antalya, Turkiye.
¹⁷ Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Ankara, Turkiye.
¹⁸ Maltepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
¹⁹ Nevsehir State Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Nevsehir, Turkiye.
²⁰ University of Health Sciences, Erenkoy Mental and Nervous Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
²¹ Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
²² Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
²³ Bursa Dr. Ayten Bozkaya Spastic Children's Hospital and Rehabilitation Center, Neurology Clinic, Bursa, Turkiye.
²⁴ Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Sanlıurfa, Turkiye.
²⁵ University of Health Sciences, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
²⁶ Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zonguldak, Turkiye.
²⁷ University of Kyrenia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kyrenia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Turkiye.
²⁸ Al Neelain University, Faculty of Medicine, The National Centre for Neurological Science, Khartoum, Sudan.
²⁹ Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Adana, Turkiye.
³⁰ University of Health Sciences, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Adana, Turkiye.
³¹ Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
³² Balıkesir University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Balıkesir, Turkiye.
³³ Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
³⁴ Tanta University Hospital, Center of Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Tanta, Egypt.
³⁵ Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
³⁶ Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Kastamonu, Turkiye.
³⁷ National Reference Teaching Hospital of N'Djamena, Department of Neurology, N'Djamena, Chad.
³⁸ Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
³⁹ Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Department of Neurology, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
⁴⁰ Fann Hospital of Dakar, Neurology Clinic, Dakar, Senegal.
⁴¹ Center Universal Hospital de Cocody, Neurology Clinic, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
⁴² Karadeniz Technical University (KTU), Medical Faculty, Neurology Department, Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Trabzon, Turkiye.
⁴³ Ain Shams University and Neuromed Clinics, Cairo, Egypt.
⁴⁴ Kutahya Health Sciences University, Neurology Clinic, Kutahya, Turkiye.
⁴⁵ City Clinical Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Kazan, Russia.
⁴⁶ Neurological Clinic New Technologies LTD, Baku, Azerbaijan.
⁴⁷ Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.

PMID: 38232607
DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.108112

Other primary headache disorders: Data from the HEAD-MENA-A study in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East

A Ç Atalar et al. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2024 Jan.

. 2024 Jan:236:108112.

doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.108112. Epub 2024 Jan 3.

Authors

A Ç Atalar¹, H Genç², E Ur Özçelik³, H Bolay⁴, D Uluduz⁵, Unal-Cevik 1st⁶, N Kissani⁷, O Luvsannorov⁸, M Togha⁹, A Ozge¹⁰, B Baykan¹¹; Head-MENA-A study group

Collaborators

Head-MENA-A study group:
M Cakan⁶, A K Ak¹², F Celik¹², M O Orun², D Seker¹³, A Kucuk¹⁴, S Ozkan², M Kiraz², T C Sirin¹⁵, R Ocal¹⁶, H A Hakyemez¹³, M O Yener¹⁷, V A Serim¹³, N Cınar¹⁸, E D Unal¹⁹, F M Domac²⁰, M F Ates¹⁸, B G Turkoglu²¹, G Gursoy²², S Cekic²³, S K Aslan¹⁸, D Agırcan²⁴, A C Oktar²⁵, E A Demirel²⁶, P Gelener²⁷, E A A E Ibrahim²⁸, A Evlice²⁹, G Gorken², Z S Sanlı³⁰, B R H Bayır³¹, N Tepe³², T Okluoglu³³, T G Demir²⁴, M Y Badr³⁴, D Vurallı⁴, E Jafari⁹, B Polat³⁵, A Ermis³⁵, E Khanmammadov³⁵, O Yolcu¹⁰, B Kul³⁶, F Sakadi³⁷, S Ulutas³⁸, T Akturk³⁸, T M Ketema³⁹, S Lala⁴⁰, A P S A Cedric⁴¹, S K Velioglu⁴², O Kırbasoglu⁴², R R Moustafa⁴³, A G Nowar⁴³, S C Kabay⁴⁴, V K Gumanovna⁴⁵, Y M Yifru³⁹, S Nasergivehchi⁹, I Azizova⁴⁶, O Kizek⁴⁷, E Ekizoglu⁴⁷, E K Orhan⁴⁷, D Melka³⁹, B Alemayehu³⁹

Affiliations

¹ Health Sciences University, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye. Electronic address: cimenatalar@gmail.com.
² University of Health Sciences, Van Training and Research Hospital, Van, Turkiye.
³ Health Sciences University, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Education and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
⁴ Gazi University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology and Algology, NOROM, Ankara, Turkiye.
⁵ Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
⁶ Hacettepe University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Ankara, Turkiye.
⁷ Neuroscience Research Laboratory in Marrakech Medical School, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
⁸ Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Department of Neurology, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
⁹ Tehran University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Tehran, Iran.
¹⁰ Mersin University, Medical Faculty, Department of Neurology, Mersin, Turkiye.
¹¹ Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye; EMAR Medical Center, Istanbul, Turkiye.
¹² Celal Bayar University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Manisa, Turkiye.
¹³ Giresun University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Giresun, Turkiye.
¹⁴ University of Health Sciences, Konya Beyhekim Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Konya, Turkiye.
¹⁵ University of Health Sciences, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
¹⁶ University of Health Sciences, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Antalya, Turkiye.
¹⁷ Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Ankara, Turkiye.
¹⁸ Maltepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
¹⁹ Nevsehir State Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Nevsehir, Turkiye.
²⁰ University of Health Sciences, Erenkoy Mental and Nervous Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
²¹ Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
²² Umraniye Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
²³ Bursa Dr. Ayten Bozkaya Spastic Children's Hospital and Rehabilitation Center, Neurology Clinic, Bursa, Turkiye.
²⁴ Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Sanlıurfa, Turkiye.
²⁵ University of Health Sciences, Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
²⁶ Bulent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zonguldak, Turkiye.
²⁷ University of Kyrenia, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Kyrenia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, Turkiye.
²⁸ Al Neelain University, Faculty of Medicine, The National Centre for Neurological Science, Khartoum, Sudan.
²⁹ Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Adana, Turkiye.
³⁰ University of Health Sciences, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Adana, Turkiye.
³¹ Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
³² Balıkesir University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Balıkesir, Turkiye.
³³ Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
³⁴ Tanta University Hospital, Center of Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Tanta, Egypt.
³⁵ Istanbul Medipol University, School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.
³⁶ Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Kastamonu, Turkiye.
³⁷ National Reference Teaching Hospital of N'Djamena, Department of Neurology, N'Djamena, Chad.
³⁸ Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar City Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Istanbul, Turkiye.
³⁹ Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences, Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Department of Neurology, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
⁴⁰ Fann Hospital of Dakar, Neurology Clinic, Dakar, Senegal.
⁴¹ Center Universal Hospital de Cocody, Neurology Clinic, Abidjan, Ivory Coast.
⁴² Karadeniz Technical University (KTU), Medical Faculty, Neurology Department, Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Trabzon, Turkiye.
⁴³ Ain Shams University and Neuromed Clinics, Cairo, Egypt.
⁴⁴ Kutahya Health Sciences University, Neurology Clinic, Kutahya, Turkiye.
⁴⁵ City Clinical Hospital, Neurology Clinic, Kazan, Russia.
⁴⁶ Neurological Clinic New Technologies LTD, Baku, Azerbaijan.
⁴⁷ Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkiye.

PMID: 38232607
DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2023.108112

Abstract

Objective: Other primary headache disorders (OPHD) are under-investigated compared to frequent primary headache types like migraine, tension-type headache, and trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Knowledge of the distribution and characteristics of OPHD subtypes is crucial for their recognition. We aimed to determine the prevalence at the hospital and headache clinics and clinical characteristics of OPHDs in patients from 13 countries.

Methods: We analyzed a large dataset from the cross-sectional study Head-MENA-A (Middle East, North Africa, Asia). Consecutive patients over 10 years of age presenting with headaches were included from outpatient, inpatient, and emergency settings. A structured questionnaire addressing demographics, headache characteristics, accompanying symptoms, and triggers was administered. Headache subtypes were diagnosed according to the ICHD-3 criteria.

Results: Among patients complaining of headaches (n = 3722), 106 (2.9%) were diagnosed with OPHD. Fifty-two patients (1.4% of all headache patients) had only OPHD, while 54 (1.5%) had both OPHD and a co-existing primary headache (mostly migraine). All OPHDs were more common in females. The most frequent subtypes were new daily persistent headache and primary stabbing headache (0.2% each among all admitted patients). Photophobia and phonophobia were the most frequent accompanying symptoms, while physical activity (28.8%), stress (15.4%), and the Valsalva maneuver (15.4%) were the most common triggering factors. The majority of triggering factors were more pronounced in patients with both migraine and OPHD.

Conclusions: Other primary headaches are rare and heterogeneous. Their high co-existence with migraine suggests shared predisposing factors, hinting at a "headache continuum" concept for primary headaches.

Keywords: Headache continuum; Headache prevalence; Headache trigger; Migraine; New daily persistent headache; Other primary headache disorders; Primary stabbing headache.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors report no conflict of interest concerning the materials or methods used in this study or the findings specified in this paper.

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Other primary headache disorders: Data from the HEAD-MENA-A study in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East

Collaborators

Affiliations

Other primary headache disorders: Data from the HEAD-MENA-A study in Africa, Asia, and the Middle East

Authors

Collaborators

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical

Research Materials