ISCEV and IPS guideline for the full-field stimulus test (FST)

J K Jolly¹, J R Grigg^{2

3}, A M McKendrick^{4

5}, K Fujinami^{6

7}, A V Cideciyan⁸, D A Thompson^{9

10}, C Matsumoto¹¹, R Asaoka^{12

13

14

15}, C Johnson^{16

17}, M W Dul¹⁸, P H Artes¹⁹, A G Robson^{7

20}

Affiliations

¹ Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Young Street, Cambridge, CB1 2LZ, UK. info@jvisionsci.com.
² Save Sight Institute, Specialty of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
³ Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁴ Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
⁵ School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
⁶ Laboratory of Visual Physiology, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
⁷ Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
⁸ Center for Hereditary Retinal Degenerations, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
⁹ The Tony Kriss Visual Electrophysiology Unit, Clinical and Academic, Department of Ophthalmology, Sight and Sound Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK.
¹⁰ Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
¹¹ Department of Ophthalmology, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan.
¹² Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
¹³ Seirei Christopher University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
¹⁴ Nanovision Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan.
¹⁵ The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Shizuoka, Japan.
¹⁶ Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
¹⁷ School of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, IA, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Biological and Vision Science, College of Optometry, State University of New York, New York, USA.
¹⁹ Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
²⁰ Department of Electrophysiology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.

PMID: 38238632
PMCID: PMC10879267
DOI: 10.1007/s10633-023-09962-7

ISCEV and IPS guideline for the full-field stimulus test (FST)

J K Jolly et al. Doc Ophthalmol. 2024 Feb.

. 2024 Feb;148(1):3-14.

doi: 10.1007/s10633-023-09962-7. Epub 2024 Jan 18.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Young Street, Cambridge, CB1 2LZ, UK. info@jvisionsci.com.
² Save Sight Institute, Specialty of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
³ Eye Genetics Research Unit, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Save Sight Institute, Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁴ Lions Eye Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
⁵ School of Allied Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
⁶ Laboratory of Visual Physiology, National Institute of Sensory Organs, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
⁷ Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
⁸ Center for Hereditary Retinal Degenerations, Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
⁹ The Tony Kriss Visual Electrophysiology Unit, Clinical and Academic, Department of Ophthalmology, Sight and Sound Centre, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK.
¹⁰ Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
¹¹ Department of Ophthalmology, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan.
¹² Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
¹³ Seirei Christopher University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
¹⁴ Nanovision Research Division, Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan.
¹⁵ The Graduate School for the Creation of New Photonics Industries, Shizuoka, Japan.
¹⁶ Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
¹⁷ School of Optometry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, IA, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Biological and Vision Science, College of Optometry, State University of New York, New York, USA.
¹⁹ Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
²⁰ Department of Electrophysiology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK.

PMID: 38238632
PMCID: PMC10879267
DOI: 10.1007/s10633-023-09962-7

Abstract

The full-field stimulus test (FST) is a psychophysical technique designed for the measurement of visual function in low vision. The method involves the use of a ganzfeld stimulator, as used in routine full-field electroretinography, to deliver full-field flashes of light. This guideline was developed jointly by the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision (ISCEV) and Imaging and Perimetry Society (IPS) in order to provide technical information, promote consistency of testing and reporting, and encourage convergence of methods for FST. It is intended to aid practitioners and guide the formulation of FST protocols, with a view to future standardisation.

Keywords: Clinical standards; Imaging and Perimetry Society; International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision; Photopic; Scotopic; Sensitivity; Threshold.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

**Fig. 1**
Examples of seen–unseen two button responses with corresponding modified Weibull function fitted to the data. (A) Top panel shows data collection following 45-min dark adaptation to a white (6500 k) stimulus with a variable duration of less than 4 ms presented in a ganzfeld (reference 0 dB = 0.01 cd∙s∙m⁻²). A proprietary presentation order of stimuli is demonstrated on the left panel, in this instance with 8 catch trials. A two button response indicates whether the stimulus is seen or unseen within a 5 s response window after an audible cue. The right panel shows probability or percentage of seen stimuli plotted against stimulus strength (“intensity”) and fitted by a modified Weibull function to the data combined from individual trials, which provides a 50% seeing mean estimate of 48 dB [− 6.8 log cd∙s∙m⁻²]. (B)The bottom panel displays six consecutive measurements using 4–2 staircase method with 2 reversals in each case. Blue (465 nm) and red (637 nm) flash stimuli with a fixed duration of 200 ms were presented following 45-min dark adaptation in a ganzfeld stimulator (reference 0 dB = 3.7 cd∙m⁻²). A single button press indicates seen. Plotted stimuli seen are indicated by open symbols, not seen by filled symbols. Triangles and circles for blue and red stimuli, respectively. The stimulus strength of the last seen is taken as the threshold, marked with a horizontal line. This process is repeated 6 times for each stimulus and an average of thresholds and standard deviation taken. The corresponding plotted threshold and modified Weibull functions are shown in the panel on the right, to provide an alternative, but similar, estimates of the 50% seen thresholds of 57 dB blue and 35 dB red, with a blue-red difference of 22 dB

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

1. Roman AJ, Schwartz SB, Aleman TS, et al. Quantifying rod photoreceptor-mediated vision in retinal degenerations: dark-adapted thresholds as outcome measures. Exp Eye Res. 2005;80:259–272. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2004.09.008. - DOI - PubMed
1. Roman AJ, Cideciyan AV, Aleman TS, Jacobson SG. Full-field stimulus testing (FST) to quantify visual perception in severely blind candidates for treatment trials. Physiol Meas. 2007;28:N51–N56. doi: 10.1088/0967-3334/28/8/N02. - DOI - PubMed
1. Klein M, Bennett LD, Kiser K, et al. A comparison of the medmont dark adapted chromatic perimeter (DAC) with the full-field stimulus threshold (FST) in subjects with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). ARVO annual meeting abstract. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57(12):631.
1. Simunovic MP, Grigg JR, Mahroo OA. Vision at the limits: absolute threshold, visual function, and outcomes in clinical trials. Surv Ophthalmol. 2022;67:1270–1286. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2022.01.008. - DOI - PubMed
1. Dimopoulos IS, Freund PR, Knowles JA, MacDonald IM. The natural history of full-field stimulus threshold decline in choroideremia. Retina. 2018;38:1731–1742. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001764. - DOI - PubMed

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
Miscellaneous
- NCI CPTAC Assay Portal

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

ISCEV and IPS guideline for the full-field stimulus test (FST)

Affiliations

ISCEV and IPS guideline for the full-field stimulus test (FST)

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Figures

References

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Miscellaneous