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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Jan 18;24(1):103.
doi: 10.1186/s12879-024-09010-y.

Diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the detection of pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid in pediatric patients with central nervous system infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sike He #  1 , Ying Xiong #  2   3 , Teng Tu  1 , Jiaming Feng  1 , Yu Fu  1 , Xu Hu  4 , Neng Wang  2 , Dapeng Li  5
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the detection of pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid in pediatric patients with central nervous system infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sike He et al. BMC Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Background: Detecting pathogens in pediatric central nervous system infection (CNSI) is still a major challenge in medicine. In addition to conventional diagnostic patterns, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) shows great potential in pathogen detection. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the diagnostic performance of mNGS in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in pediatric patients with CNSI.

Methods: Related literature was searched in the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. We screened the literature and extracted the data according to the selection criteria. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool and the certainty of the evidence was measured by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) score system. Then, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odd's ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (sROC) were estimated in Stata Software and MetaDisc. Subgroup analyses were performed to investigate the potential factors that influence the diagnostic performance.

Results: A total of 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The combined sensitivity was 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59 to 0.76, I2 = 66.77%, p < 0.001), and the combined specificity was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80 to 0.95, I2 = 83.37%, p < 0.001). The AUC of sROC was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.81 to 0.87). The quality level of evidence elevated by the GRADE score system was low.

Conclusions: Current evidence shows that mNGS presents a good diagnostic performance in pediatric CNSI. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.

Keywords: Central nervous system infection; Diagnostic performance; Meta-analysis; Metagenomic next-generation sequencing; Pediatric infection.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart of study retrieval
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Quality assessment of the included studies by the QUADAS-2 tool
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Forest plot of pooled sensitivity (A) and specificity (B) of mNGS for pediatric CNSI diagnosis
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The sROC of mNGS diagnosis in pediatric CNSI
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Publication bias assessed by Deek’s funnel test
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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