Efficiency of Simulation-Based Learning Using an ABC POCUS Protocol on a High-Fidelity Simulator

Abstract

Critically ill patients with rapidly deteriorating clinical status secondary to respiratory and cardio-vascular compromise are at risk for immediate collapse if the underlying pathology is not recognized and treated. Rapid diagnosis is of utmost importance regardless of the setting. Although there are data to support the use of point-of-care ultrasound in critical patients, there is no consensus about the best educational strategy to implement. We designed a curriculum based on the ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) protocol that covers essential airway, lung, and cardiac ultrasound skills needed for fast diagnosis in critical patients and applied it in high-fidelity simulation-based medical education sessions for anesthesia and intensive care residents year one and two. After theoretical and practical assessments, our results show statistical differences in the theoretical knowledge and above-average results in practical assessment. Our proposed curriculum based on a simple ABC POCUS protocol, with an Airway, Breathing, and Circulation approach, is useful in teaching ultrasound basics regarding airway, lung, and cardiac examination using high-fidelity simulation training to anesthesia and intensive care residents, but further research is needed to establish the utility of Simulation-Based Medical Education in Point of Care Ultrasound in the critical patient.

Keywords: airway ultrasound; critical patient ultrasound; heart ultrasound; lung ultrasound; point of care ultrasound; simulation; simulation based medical education; ultrasound protocol.

Figure 1

Flow diagram with the study timeline and number of trainees recruited, excluded, and analyzed.

Figure 2

Score results for the pre- and post-course test.

Figure 3

Percentage of correct diagnosis in the practical assessment.

Figure 4

Diagnostics for the practical assessment.

Figure 5

Practical examination overall score (%).