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. 2024 Jan;27(1):26-36.
doi: 10.5223/pghn.2024.27.1.26. Epub 2024 Jan 9.

Mucosal Immunity Related to CD8+ T Lymphocytes in Children with Helicobacter pylori Gastritis

Da Hee Yang  1 , Ha Young Lee  1 , Woohyuk Choi  1 , Chang-Lim Hyun  2 , Ki Soo Kang  3
Affiliations

Mucosal Immunity Related to CD8+ T Lymphocytes in Children with Helicobacter pylori Gastritis

Da Hee Yang et al. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr. 2024 Jan.

Abstract

Purpose: We investigated the role of CD8+T cells as host immune factors in pediatric patients with Helicobacter pylori gastritis.

Methods: Gastric mucosal tissue and blood samples were collected from 39 children, including 11 children with H. pylori infection and 28 children as controls. Anti-CD8 and anti-T-bet antibodies were used for immunohistochemistry of the gastric mucosa. For the cell surface and intracellular staining, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained with anti-IL7Rα, anti-CX3CR1, anti-CD8, anti-T-bet, and anti-IFN-γ antibodies. Cytokines of sera such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and CX3CL1 were analyzed using enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results: In the immunohistochemistry of gastric mucosa, the frequency of CD8+ and T-bet+ T cells cells was higher in the H. pylori-positive group than in the control group (26.9± 7.8% vs. 16.9±3.3%, p<0.001; 5.0±2.5% vs. 2.2±0.7%, p=0.001). Between the control and H. pylori-positive groups, the frequency of IL-7RαlowCX3CR1+ CD8+ and T-bet+ INF-γ+ CD8+ T cells were not significantly different between surface and intracellular staining, respectively (40.4±24.0% vs. 38.2±17.8%, p=0.914; 40.4±24.0% vs. 38.2±17.8%, p=0.914). In the ELISA, no significant differences in TNF-α and CX3CL1 concentrations were observed between the control and H. pylori-positive groups (34.3±12.1 pg/mL vs. 47.0±22.6 pg/mL, p=0.114/0.5± 0.1 pg/mL vs. 0.5±0.1 pg/mL, p=0.188).

Conclusion: CD8+ T and Th1 cells, which secrete IFN-γ, might play important roles in the mucosal immunity of the stomach in children with H. pylori infection.

Keywords: Child; Gastritis; Helicobacter pylori; T-lymphocyte.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors have no financial conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. The immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD8 and anti-T-bet antibody against the tissue of gastric mucosa of control (H. pylori negative) and H. pylori positive group. Scale bars=100 µm (A-H). Compared with the control group, the frequency of CD8+ T cells was higher in the H. pylori-positive group (16.9±3.3% vs. 26.9±7.8%, *p<0.001) (I). The frequency of T-bet+ T cells was also higher in the H. pylori-positive group (2.2±0.7% vs. 5.0±2.5%, **p=0.001) (J).
H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. An example of surface staining with anti-IL-7Rα and anti-CX3CR1 antibody against effector memory CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell of control (H. pylori negative; A-D) and H. pylori positive group (A-C, E). As shown in Table 2, the parameters related to effector memory CD8+ T cells did not show a significant difference between the two groups.
IL-7Rα: interleukin-7 receptor-alpha, H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. An example of intracellular staining with anti-T-bet and anti-IFN-γ antibody against CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell of control (H. pylori negative) and H. pylori positive group. As shown in Table 3, the parameters related to CD8+ T cells did not show a significant difference between the two groups.
IFN-γ: interferon-gamma, H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori.
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