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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2024 Jan 22;21(1):12.
doi: 10.1186/s12984-024-01303-2.

Use of low-cost virtual reality in the treatment of the upper extremity in chronic stroke: a randomized clinical trial

Ángela Aguilera-Rubio  1 , Isabel M Alguacil-Diego  2 , Ana Mallo-López  3 , Alberto Jardón Huete  4 , Edwin D Oña  4 , Alicia Cuesta-Gómez  5
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Use of low-cost virtual reality in the treatment of the upper extremity in chronic stroke: a randomized clinical trial

Ángela Aguilera-Rubio et al. J Neuroeng Rehabil. .

Abstract

Background: Chronicity and lack of motivation often go together during the upper limb rehabilitation process in stroke. Virtual reality is a useful tool in this context, providing safe, intensive, individualised treatments in a playful environment. B-cost, easy-to-use devices with personalised and motivating games for a specific population seem to be the most effective option in the treatment of the upper limbs.

Methods: A randomised clinical study with follow-up was carried out to assess the effectiveness of the Leap Motion Controller® device in improving the functionality of the upper limb in patients with chronic stroke. Patients (n = 36) were randomised into a control group that performed conventional therapy and an experimental group that combined the virtual reality protocol with conventional therapy. The outcome measures used were grip strength; the Block and Box Test; the Action Research Arm Test; the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand; as well as a Technology Satisfaction Questionnaire and adherence to treatment.

Results: Inter-group statistical analysis showed no significant differences except in subsection D of the Action Research Arm Test. Intra-group analysis showed significant differences in both groups, but the experimental group reached significance in all long-term variables. Satisfaction and adherence levels were very high.

Conclusions: The Leap Motion Controller® system, as a complementary tool, produces improvements in grip strength, dexterity and motor function in patients with chronic stroke. It is perceived as a safe, motivating, and easy-to-use device.

Clinical registration: NCT04166617 Clinical Trials.

Keywords: Leap Motion Controller®; Neurorehabilitation; Stroke; Upper limb; Video games; Virtual reality.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Procedure
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Intervention protocol of the control and experimental groups. Joint mobilizations: shoulder girdle, shoulder, elbow, and wrist; Modulation of muscle tone: stabilizing muscles of the scapula and the entire upper limb; Strengthening and stretching upper limb musculature; Motor Control and Functional Task: tasks focused on activities of daily living such as dressing, eating, or performing household chores
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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