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. 2024 Jan 11;16(2):324.
doi: 10.3390/cancers16020324.

Evaluation of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Risk Measured by Laboratory Biomarkers and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in Children and Adolescents Recovered from Brain Tumors: The CARMEP Study

Alberto Romano  1 , Fabrizio Sollazzo  2 , Serena Rivetti  1 , Lorenzo Morra  2 , Tiziana Servidei  1 , Donatella Lucchetti  3 , Giorgio Attinà  1 , Palma Maurizi  1   4 , Stefano Mastrangelo  1   4 , Isabella Carlotta Zovatto  2 , Riccardo Monti  2 , Massimiliano Bianco  2 , Vincenzo Palmieri  2 , Antonio Ruggiero  1   4
Affiliations

Evaluation of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Risk Measured by Laboratory Biomarkers and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in Children and Adolescents Recovered from Brain Tumors: The CARMEP Study

Alberto Romano et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

In recent decades, the improvement of treatments and the adoption of therapeutic protocols of international cooperation has led to an improvement in the survival of children affected by brain tumors. However, in parallel with the increase in survival, long-term side effects related to treatments have been observed over time, including the activation of chronic inflammatory processes and metabolic alterations, which can facilitate the onset of metabolic syndrome and increased cardiovascular risk. The aim of this study was to find possible statistically significant differences in the serum concentrations of early biomarkers of metabolic syndrome and in the results of cardiopulmonary exercise testing between survivors of childhood brain tumors and healthy controls. This is a prospective and observational study conducted on a group of 14 male patients who survived childhood brain tumors compared with the same number of healthy controls. The concentrations of early metabolic syndrome biomarkers [adiponectin, leptin, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, endothelin-1, apolipoprotein B, and lipoprotein (a)] were measured and a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) was performed. Results: Childhood brain tumor survivors performed worse on average than controls on the CPET. Furthermore, they showed higher endothelin-1 values than controls (p = 0.025). The CPET results showed an inverse correlation with leptin. The differences found highlight the greater cardiovascular risk of brain tumor survivors, and radiotherapy could be implicated in the genesis of this greater cardiovascular risk.

Keywords: brain tumor; cardiovascular risk; childhood cancer survivor; cranial radiotherapy; metabolic syndrome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Numbers of patients and controls who participate in physical activity. (b) Numbers of patients and controls who participate in physical activity.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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