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. 2023 Dec 26;15(1):39.
doi: 10.3390/genes15010039.

Genome-Wide Identification of Trehalose-6-phosphate Synthase (TPS) Gene Family Reveals the Potential Role in Carbohydrate Metabolism in Peach

Shihao Fan  1 , Zhe Wang  2 , Yuansong Xiao  2 , Jiahui Liang  2 , Shilong Zhao  2 , Yihua Liu  2 , Futian Peng  1 , Jian Guo  1
Affiliations

Genome-Wide Identification of Trehalose-6-phosphate Synthase (TPS) Gene Family Reveals the Potential Role in Carbohydrate Metabolism in Peach

Shihao Fan et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) is essential for plant growth and development, linking trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) to carbon metabolism. However, little is known about the TPS gene family in peaches and their potential roles in regulating carbohydrates in peach fruit. In this study, nine TPS genes were identified in the peach genome and named according to the homologous genes in Arabidopsis. Phylogenetic analysis showed that three subfamilies were identified, including TPSI, TPSII-1, and TPSII-2, which were also consistent with gene structure analysis. Considerable cis-elements were enriched in the promoters, including plant hormone-related elements. Tissue-specific analysis showed that these TPS genes were mainly expressed in leaves, stems, and fruit, showing different expression patterns for each gene. In addition, during fruit development, the content of trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) was positively correlated with the expression of PpTPS7a and negatively with sucrose non-fermenting-1-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) activity. Transient overexpression and silencing of PpTPS7a in peach fruit validated its function in regulating T6P content and SnRK1 activity.

Keywords: T6P; TPS; gene family; peach.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of PpTPS genes on peach genome. Chromosomes are indicated by long black rectangles. The PpTPS genes are marked in red.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Collinearity analysis. (a) Collinearity analysis of TPS genes in peach. (b) Collinearity analysis of TPS genes in peach and Arabidopsis.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. (a) Calculation of sequence identity of TPS domain, TPP domain, full-length protein sequence, and extra-structural domain sequence. (b) Evolutionary tree constructed by PpTPS and TPS gene families of tomato, Arabidopsis, and apple. The yellow triangles represent tomatoes, purple squares represent Arabidopsis, blue circles represent apples, red pentagram represents the peach.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Gene structure and conserved motif analysis of PpTPS genes. (a) Gene structure of PpTPS gene. (b) Distribution of conserved motifs in PpTPS proteins.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Analysis of the cis-elements of the PpTPS gene promoter. (a) Cis-elements identified in the promoters of the PpTPS gene. (b) Heat map of the cis-elements of each gene.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Tissue specific expression analysis of PpTPS genes. Note: Different letters indicate significant differences.
Figure 7
Figure 7
(a) Relative expression levels of PpTPS gene during fruit development. (b) Determination of T6P contents during fruit development. (c) SnRK1 activity during fruit development. (d) Correlation analysis between T6P content and SnRK1 activity. (e) Correlation analysis between PpTPS7a expression and T6P contents. Note: DAFB means number of days since flowering.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Gene function of PpTPS7a. (a) Relative expression level of PpTPS7a in transient overexpression peach fruit. (b) T6P content after transient overexpression of PpTPS7a. (c) SnRK1 activity after transiently overexpression of PpTPS7a. (d) Relative expression level of PpTPS7a in transient silencing peach fruit. (e) T6P content after silencing. (f) SnRK1 activity after silencing.
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