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. 2024 Jan 17;24(2):596.
doi: 10.3390/s24020596.

Comparative Sensing and Judgment Control System for Temperature Maintenance for Optimal Treatment in Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Surgery

Tae-Hyeon Lee  1 , Kicheol Yoon  2   3 , Sangyun Lee  2   4   5 , Woong Rak Choi  2   5   6 , Kwang Gi Kim  2   5   7
Affiliations

Comparative Sensing and Judgment Control System for Temperature Maintenance for Optimal Treatment in Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Surgery

Tae-Hyeon Lee et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

For tumors wherein cancer cells remain in the tissue after colorectal cancer surgery, a hyperthermic anticancer agent is injected into the abdominal cavity to necrotize the remaining cancer cells with heat using a hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy system. However, during circulation, the processing temperature is out of range and the processing result is deteriorated. This paper proposes a look-up table (LUT) module design method that can stably maintain the processing temperature range during circulation via feedback. If the temperature decreases or increases, the LUT transmits a command signal to the heat exchanger to reduce or increase heat input, thereby maintaining the treatment temperature range. The command signal for increasing and decreasing heat input is Tp and Ta, respectively. The command signal for the treatment temperature range is Ts. If drug temperatures below 41 and above 43 °C are input to the LUT, it sends a Tp or Ta signal to the heat exchanger to increase or decrease the input heat, respectively. If the drug's temperature is 41-43 °C, the LUT generates a Ts signal and proceeds with the treatment. The proposed system can automatically control drug temperature using temperature feedback to ensure rapid, accurate, and safe treatment.

Keywords: automatic temperature control; cancer surgery; comparator; look-up table; thermal chemotherapy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comparison of characteristics of existing and proposed systems and overview of research purpose.
Figure 2
Figure 2
HIPEC surgery system schematic.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Proposed thermal control system with TC and LUT.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Flow chart of the proposed system with temperature control.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Proposed structure of the HIPEC system with temperature control: (a) block diagram and (b) schematic (R1: 10 MΩ, R2: 4.0 MΩ, C1:4.7 μF, C2: 0.1 μF) (c) simulation results for schematic with temperature control (see Supplementary Data for algorithm coding data in the web site).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Proposed structure of the HIPEC system with temperature control: (a) block diagram and (b) schematic (R1: 10 MΩ, R2: 4.0 MΩ, C1:4.7 μF, C2: 0.1 μF) (c) simulation results for schematic with temperature control (see Supplementary Data for algorithm coding data in the web site).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Implementation of the algorithm (coding) and phantom evaluation (see Supplementary Data for algorithm coding data in the web site).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Measurement results for proposed TC processing: (a) TC temperature, (b) pulse signal with TC, (c) system performance measurement system environment space.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Measurement results for proposed TC processing: (a) TC temperature, (b) pulse signal with TC, (c) system performance measurement system environment space.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Thermal TC images using the LUT to assess heating and cooling performance (01: Ta, 10: Tp, 11: Tx according to the Table 1 of LUT = Tref // To).
Figure 9
Figure 9
Temperature control and thermal measurement results of the HIPEC surgical system through animal experiments. (a) Surgery and catheter tube docking, (b) temperature of the heat generation, (c) measurement result of the temperature for heat generation and inflow part, (d) measurement results for abdomen temperature.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Temperature control and thermal measurement results of the HIPEC surgical system through animal experiments. (a) Surgery and catheter tube docking, (b) temperature of the heat generation, (c) measurement result of the temperature for heat generation and inflow part, (d) measurement results for abdomen temperature.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Temperature distribution and distribution temperature check method in HIPEC surgery. (a) Abdominal massage [15], (b) colon point temperature check.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Time constant adjustment to reduce temperature control time. (a) Time constant adjustment, (b) time constant adjustment response characteristics.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Performance test graph for the TC unit (T: temperature and t: period time).
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