Pediatric Ewing Sarcoma of Kidney: A Case Series and Review of Literature

Abstract

Introduction: Renal Ewing sarcoma is an aggressive and rare malignancy affecting children and adolescents. Limited data on its management contribute to uncertainties in treatment.

Case description: We present two pediatric cases of renal Ewing sarcoma. Both cases emphasize the significance of accurate diagnosis, multimodal treatment, and long-term follow-up in achieving favorable outcomes. Accurate diagnosis of renal Ewing sarcoma is crucial for effective management. Multimodal treatment involving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, surgical resection and staging with lymph node sampling, and chemotherapy continuation has shown promising results in our cases. Long-term follow-up is essential for monitoring disease progression and ensuring optimal outcomes.

Practical implications: There is limited data published about these renal tumors, especially in the pediatric population, and most studies lack long-term follow-up, with uncertain management due to limited data. This data will add to the newer, multimodal approach and form the basis for future meta-analysis to help formulate guidelines for upcoming international meetings. Continued research efforts are necessary to optimize strategies and improve the prognosis for pediatric patients with renal Ewing sarcoma.

Keywords: Cancer; Ewing sarcoma; case report; pediatrics; renal.

Figure 1

Section on trucut biopsy reveals tissue cores comprising of a malignant round blue cells neoplasm. The tumor comprises sheets of small to medium-sized cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, inconspicuous nuclei, and moderate to scant cytoplasm

Figure 2

Sections from the radical nephrectomy specimen show sheets of malignant round blue cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, inconspicuous nuclei, and moderate to scant cytoplasm. Background shows extensive necrosis and hemorrhage