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. 2023 Nov 27:10:114-122.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.11.017. eCollection 2024 Mar.

Clinical and epidemiological features of mpox in a Brazilian reference center for HIV and sexually transmitted infections: A cross-sectional study

Alvaro Furtado Costa  1 , Simone Queiroz Rocha  1 , Mylva Fonsi  1 , Roberta Schiavon Nogueira  1 , Artur Olhovetchi Kalichman  1 , José Valdez Ramalho Madruga  1 , Maria Clara Gianna  1 , Rosa de Alencar Souza  1 , Rosangela Rodrigues  1 , Angela Tayra  1 , Lucas Rocker Ramos  1 , Roberto José Carvalho da Silva  1 , Ana Marli Christovam Sartori  2 , Walkiria Delnero Almeida Prado  3 , Adriano Abbud  4 , Mariza Vono Tancredi  1 ; Mpox-CRT working group
Affiliations

Clinical and epidemiological features of mpox in a Brazilian reference center for HIV and sexually transmitted infections: A cross-sectional study

Alvaro Furtado Costa et al. IJID Reg. .

Abstract

Background: The 2022 mpox outbreak has affected disproportionately people living with HIV (PLWH) and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate factors associated with laboratory diagnosis of mpox among suspected cases, and access differences between PrEP users and PLWH with confirmed diagnostic.

Results: 394 mpox suspected cases were analyzed, 309 (78.4%) confirmed. Most patients with mpox were PLWH (54.4%) and 99 (32%) PrEP users. Mpox cases were likely to be between 25 and 39 years old (aOR=2.8; p=0.042), men who have sex with men/bisexual or transgender women (aOR=17.2; p< 0.001) and to have fever (aOR=4.7; p< 0.001), adenomegaly (aOR=7.2; p< 0.001) and multiple vesicular lesions (aOR=4.2; p< 0.001). Comparing PrEP users to PLWH with confirmed mpox, PrEP users had lesions predominantly with exclusive genital involvement (p=0.016); while PLWH had higher extragenital involvement (p=0.018).

Conclusions: PrEP users and PLWHA were the main epidemiological groups in our cohort. Recognizing the differences between vulnerable populations can contribute to the development public policies to control mpox in settings with reduced access to vaccines.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Suspected cases of mpox according to the results of the real-time polymerase chain reaction and epidemiological week, Centro de Referência e Treinamento DST/Aids, June to September, 2022.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mpox detection rate per 100 outpatient visits-month in the discriminated groups, Centro de Referência e Treinamento DST/Aids, June 18 to September 20, 2022. PrEP: HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis; PLWH: people living with HIV/AIDS.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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