Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2024 Jan;42(1):e3906.
doi: 10.1002/cbf.3906.

A perspective on emerging therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer: Focusing on molecular medicine and drug resistance

Anggraeni E Kusumaningrum  1 , Sarce Makaba  2 , Eyhab Ali  3 , Mandeep Singh  4 , Mohammed N Fenjan  5 , Irodakhon Rasulova  6   7 , Neeti Misra  8 , Sada G Al-Musawi  9 , Ali Alsalamy  10
Affiliations
Review

A perspective on emerging therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer: Focusing on molecular medicine and drug resistance

Anggraeni E Kusumaningrum et al. Cell Biochem Funct. 2024 Jan.

Abstract

The majority of cancer cases are colorectal cancer, which is also the second largest cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Metastasis is the leading cause of death for patients with colorectal cancer. Metastatic colorectal cancer incidence are on the rise due to a tiny percentage of tumors developing resistant to medicines despite advances in treatment tactics. Cutting-edge targeted medications are now the go-to option for customized and all-encompassing CRC care. Specifically, multitarget kinase inhibitors, antivascular endothelial growth factors, and epidermal growth factor receptors are widely used in clinical practice for CRC-targeted treatments. Rare targets in metastatic colorectal cancer are becoming more well-known due to developments in precision diagnostics and the extensive use of second-generation sequencing technology. These targets include the KRAS mutation, the BRAF V600E mutation, the HER2 overexpression/amplification, and the MSI-H/dMMR. Incorporating certain medications into clinical trials has significantly increased patient survival rates, opening new avenues and bringing fresh viewpoints for treating metastatic colorectal cancer. These focused therapies change how cancer is treated, giving patients new hope and better results. These markers can significantly transform and individualize therapy regimens. They could open the door to precisely customized and more effective medicines, improving patient outcomes and quality of life. The fast-growing body of knowledge regarding the molecular biology of colorectal cancer and the latest developments in gene sequencing and molecular diagnostics are directly responsible for this advancement.

Keywords: CRC; angiogenesis; drug resistance; metastasis; personalized medicine; tissue-based biomarkers.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

REFERENCES

    1. Huang A, Yang Y, Shi JY, et al. Mucinous adenocarcinoma: a unique clinicopathological subtype in colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Surg. 2021;13(12):1567-1583.
    1. Florescu-Ţenea RM, Kamal AM, Mitruţ P, et al. Colorectal cancer: an update on treatment options and future perspectives. Curr Health Sci J. 2019;45(2):134-141.
    1. Lopez JS, Banerji U. Combine and conquer: challenges for targeted therapy combinations in early phase trials. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017;14(1):57-66.
    1. Ohishi T, Kaneko MK, Yoshida Y, Takashima A, Kato Y, Kawada M. Current targeted therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Int J Mol Sci. 2023;24(2):1702.
    1. Zhai Z, Yu X, Yang B, et al. Colorectal cancer heterogeneity and targeted therapy: clinical implications, challenges and solutions for treatment resistance. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2017;64:107-115.