Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2024 Jun;26(6):237-245.
doi: 10.1007/s11906-024-01295-3. Epub 2024 Jan 25.

Hyperuricemia: An Intriguing Connection to Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, Kidney Disease, and Hypertension

Ramzi Vareldzis  1 , Annalisa Perez  1 , Efrain Reisin  2
Affiliations
Review

Hyperuricemia: An Intriguing Connection to Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, Kidney Disease, and Hypertension

Ramzi Vareldzis et al. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2024 Jun.

Abstract

Purpose of the review: Our review explores the epidemiology, physiology, and clinical data surrounding the connection between hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension.

Recent findings: Compelling physiologic mechanisms have been proposed to explain a causal relationship between hyperuricemia and metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease, and hypertension but clinical studies have given mixed results in terms of whether intervening with hyperuricemia using urate-lowering therapy has any beneficial effects for patients with these conditions. Despite the large amount of research already put into this topic, more randomized placebo-controlled trials are needed to more firmly establish whether a cause-effect relationship exists and whether lowering uric acid levels in patients with these conditions is beneficial.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Hypertension; Hyperuricemia; Metabolic syndrome; Urate-lowering therapy.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
    1. Xiangwei WU, Muzny DM, Cheng Chi Lee, Caskey CT. Two independent mutational events in the loss of urate oxidase during hominoid evolution. J Mol Evol. 1992;34(1):78-84. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1556746 . https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00163854 .
    1. Endou H, Enomoto A, Kimura H, et al. Molecular identification of a renal urate-anion exchanger that regulates blood urate levels. Nature (London). 2002;417(6887):447-452. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12024214 . https://doi.org/10.1038/nature742 .
    1. Edwards NL. The role of hyperuricemia and gout in kidney and cardiovascular disease. Cleve Clin J Med. 2008;75(Suppl 5):S13-S16. http://www.ccjm.org/content/75/Suppl_5/S13.abstract . https://doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.75.Suppl_5.S13 .
    1. Johnson RJ, Kang D, Feig D, et al. Is there a pathogenetic role for uric acid in hypertension and cardiovascular and renal disease? Hypertension. 2003;41(6):1183-1190. http://hyper.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/41/6/1183 . https://doi.org/10.1161/01.HYP.0000069700.62727.C5 .
    1. Sautin YY, Nakagawa T, Zharikov S, Johnson RJ. Adverse effects of the classic antioxidant uric acid in adipocytes: NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative/nitrosative stress. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007;293(2):584-596. http://ajpcell.physiology.org/content/293/2/C584 . https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00600.2006 .

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources