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Multicenter Study
. 2024 Jul;79(1):131-139.
doi: 10.1002/jpn3.12139. Epub 2024 Jan 30.

Nutritional status and feeding difficulties in children up to 2 years of age with cow's milk allergy

Piotr Dziechciarz  1 , Agata Stróżyk  1 , Andrea Horvath  1 , Beata Cudowska  2 , Urszula Jedynak-Wąsowicz  3 , Nina Mól  3 , Elżbieta Jarocka-Cyrta  4 , Anna Zawadzka-Krajewska  5 , Agnieszka Krauze  6
Affiliations
Multicenter Study

Nutritional status and feeding difficulties in children up to 2 years of age with cow's milk allergy

Piotr Dziechciarz et al. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2024 Jul.

Abstract

Background/objectives: To assess the nutritional status and incidence of feeding difficulties in Polish children up to 2 years of age with cow's milk allergy (CMA) on cow's milk proteins-free diet.

Methods: A cross-sectional, multi-center study included children aged 6 months to 2 years with confirmed or suspected (without oral food challenge) diagnosis of CMA on the elimination diet for at least 1 month. The primary outcomes were an assessment of proportion of children with impaired nutritional status (with the weight for length and body mass index (BMI) z-score > 1 and <-1), and feeding difficulties according to the Montreal Children's Hospital Feeding Scale. Children with confirmed and suspected CMA were assessed separately.

Results: A 144 children with confirmed CMA and 88 with suspected CMA were included (57 and 78% with multiple food allergies, respectively). Among children with confirmed CMA, one-third (35.5%) of participants had any nutritional status impairment regardless of definition. Among those, most of children had mild malnutrition (10.4 vs. 9%) and possible risk of overweight (11.1 vs. 9.7%; following respectively BMI for age and weight for length z-scores). Only 16.0% of children had feeding difficulties. Feeding difficulties was identified to be a risk factor for moderate malnutrition compared to children without feeding difficulties (odds ratio 10, 95% confidence interval: 4-27).

Conclusions: Mild malnutrition and possible risk of overweight are concern in children up to 2 years of age on cow's milk proteins-free diet. Feeding difficulties are less common, however, may affect the nutritional status.

Keywords: food hypersensitivity; malnutrition; milk hypersensitivity.

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References

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