Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Dec 31;15(12):e51387.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.51387. eCollection 2023 Dec.

Acute Exposure to Bisphenol S Decreases In Vitro Right Atrial Contractility in Rats

Jayanti Pant  1 , Radhika Agarwal  1 , Srikant S  1 , Latika Mohan  1
Affiliations

Acute Exposure to Bisphenol S Decreases In Vitro Right Atrial Contractility in Rats

Jayanti Pant et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Aim/objective: Bisphenols are widely used in the manufacturing of polycarbonate material and epoxy resins which constitute the essential component of plastic. Bisphenol A (BPA) has been reported to produce toxicity on organs in both animal and human studies. Therefore, plastic manufacturers are replacing BPA with other analogues that are considered to be safe, and BPA-free products are now available in the market. However, some studies have reported that bisphenol-S (BPS) also possesses toxic properties. It has been reported to depress ventricular contraction as well as produce ventricular arrhythmia on acute exposure. The present study was performed to examine the effect of BPS on in vitro spontaneously-beating right atria in rats.

Methods: In the present study, in vitro spontaneous contractions of right atria obtained from adult female rats of the Wistar strain were recorded. The atria were exposed to BPS (10-6-10 mM) and its effects on atrial contractions were recorded in the form of cumulative-concentration response with and without administration of antagonists namely atropine, L-NAME, and methylene blue.

Results: BPS decreased the rate as well as the force of atrial contractions. The changes produced in the rate and force of atrial contractions were not attributed to ethanol, which was used to prepare BPS solutions. The decrease in right atrial contractility produced by BPS was blocked by L-NAME; however, atropine and methylene blue were not able to antagonize the effects of BPS on atria.

Conclusions: The present study indicates the involvement of NO-dependent but cGMP independent pathway responsible for BPS-induced cardio-toxicity.

Keywords: atrial contractility; bps; cgmp independent; no; toxicity.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. (A) The original recordings of BPS response at different concentrations and exposure of atria to ethanol. The original recordings of ethanol response at different concentrations show no significant decrease in rate and force of contraction of right atrial tissue; (B, C) Decrease in rate and force of contraction, respectively, caused by BPS. The responses in the ethanol-treated group were significantly different from the BPS-only group (p < 0.05, two‐way ANOVA).
*p < 0.05 as compared with the BPS‐only group (Student–Newman–Keuls test for multiple comparisons) BPS: bisphenol S
Figure 2
Figure 2. (A) The original recordings atrial contractions after 15 minute exposure to atropine sulphate; (B, C) Atropine could not block effects produced by BPS.
BPS: bisphenol S
Figure 3
Figure 3. (A) The original recordings of atrial contractions after 15-minute exposure to L‐NAME; (B, C) Responses in the L‐NAME-treated group were significantly different from the BPS-only group (p < 0.05, two‐way ANOVA).
*p < 0.05 as compared with the BPS‐only group (Student–Newman–Keuls test for multiple comparisons). L-NAME: N‐ω‐nitro‐L‐ arginine methyl ester; BPS: bisphenol S
Figure 4
Figure 4. (A) The original recordings of atrial contractions after 15-minute exposure to MB; (B, C) MB could not block the BPS-induced changes in atrial contractility.
MB: methylene blue; BPS: bisphenol S
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Cutaneous penetration of bisphenol A in pig skin. Kaddar N, Harthé C, Déchaud H, Mappus E, Pugeat M. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2008;71:471–473. - PubMed
    1. Increased migration levels of bisphenol A from polycarbonate baby bottles after dishwashing, boiling and brushing. Brede C, Fjeldal P, Skjevrak I, Herikstad H. Food Addit Contam. 2003;20:684–689. - PubMed
    1. Bisphenol A concentrations in maternal breast milk and infant urine. Mendonca K, Hauser R, Calafat AM, Arbuckle TE, Duty SM. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2014;87:13–20. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Plastic bottle feeding produces changes in biochemical parameters in human infants - a pilot study. Pant MK, Ahmad AH, Naithani M, Pant J. Clin Exp Pediatr. 2022;65:459–465. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: an Endocrine Society scientific statement. Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Bourguignon JP, Giudice LC, et al. Endocr Rev. 2009;30:293–342. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources