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Review
. 2023 Dec 29;10(2):e23649.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23649. eCollection 2024 Jan 30.

Phytochemical and pharmacological profile of genus shorea: A review of the recent literature

Abdullahi Musa  1 , Nanik Siti Aminah  1   2 , Alfinda Novi Kristanti  1   2 , Imam Fathoni  1 , Rizka Tazky Amalia  1 , Tin Myo Thant  3 , P Rajasulochana  4 , Yoshiaki Takaya  5
Affiliations
Review

Phytochemical and pharmacological profile of genus shorea: A review of the recent literature

Abdullahi Musa et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

In tropical Southeast Asia, Shorea is the most economically important tree and the largest genus in the Dipterocarpaceae family. It comprises about 150-200 species, of which majority are distributed in Malaysia, with others found in Sumatra and Borneo (Kalimantan) in Indonesia. Research on the chemical constituents of Shorea plants has been ongoing for many years. To date, a total of 113 different compounds, including 83 stilbenes and their resveratrol oligomers, 18 triterpenes/terpenoids, 7 coumarins 3 flavonoids and 2 steroids have been isolated and successfully elucidated from 26 different species of this genus. The diversity of the stilbene resveratrol oligomers in the Shorea genus is primarily due to the difference in the amount of resveratrol constituent units, which include dimers, trimers and tetramers. In addition to the species' traditional usage in the treatment of illnesses, such as diarrhea, toothaches, skin diseases, ear troubles and wounds, the extracts and secondary metabolite compounds isolated from various parts of the plant species are known to have a very potent antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, antiulcer, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities. This review aims to summarize the most recent research made from 1999 to date on the secondary metabolite compounds isolated from different species of genus Shorea, as well as the bioactivity (in vitro and in vivo) of the crude extracts and the isolated secondary metabolite compounds.

Keywords: Coumarins; Dipterocarpaceae; Oligostibene; Shorea; Triterpenoids.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Tree of Shorea beccariana. (Source: Balikpapan Botanical Garden, East Kalimantan, 2023).
Fig. 1.2
Fig. 1.2
A; Secondary metabolites isolated from Shorea genus from 1999 to 2023: B; Distribution of resveratrol oligomers isolated from Shorea genus.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Structures of monomeric, 1a: trans (E) and 1b: cis (Z) resveratrol.
Fig. 3.1
Fig. 3.1
Resveratrol dimers from Shorea species.
Fig. 4.1
Fig. 4.1
Resveratrol trimers from Shorea species.
Fig. 3.2
Fig. 3.2
Resveratrol dimers from Shorea species.
Fig. 4.2
Fig. 4.2
Resveratrol trimers from Shorea species.
Fig. 5.1
Fig. 5.1
Resveratrol tetramers from Shorea species.
Fig. 5.2
Fig. 5.2
Resveratrol tetramers from Shorea species.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Resveratrol glucoside.
Fig. 7.1
Fig. 7.1
Resveratrol Oligomer glucosides from Shorea species.
Fig. 7.2
Fig. 7.2
Resveratrol Oligomer glucosides from Shorea species.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Numbering pattern of monomeric and dimeric resveratrol.
Fig. 8.1
Fig. 8.1
Equation for the Specific rotation of compounds.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Coumarins from Shorea species.
Fig. 10.1
Fig. 10.1
Terpenes and terpenoids from Shorea species.
Fig. 10.2
Fig. 10.2
Terpenes and terpenoids from Shorea species.
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
Steroids from Shorea species.
Fig. 12
Fig. 12
Flavonoids from Shorea species.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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