Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2024 Jan 26:19:917-944.
doi: 10.2147/IJN.S445578. eCollection 2024.

Nanoplatform-Mediated Autophagy Regulation and Combined Anti-Tumor Therapy for Resistant Tumors

Caixia Yang #  1   2 , Yuan Ding #  1   2 , Zhengwei Mao  3 , Weilin Wang  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Nanoplatform-Mediated Autophagy Regulation and Combined Anti-Tumor Therapy for Resistant Tumors

Caixia Yang et al. Int J Nanomedicine. .

Abstract

The overall cancer incidence and death toll have been increasing worldwide. However, the conventional therapies have some obvious limitations, such as non-specific targeting, systemic toxic effects, especially the multidrug resistance (MDR) of tumors, in which, autophagy plays a vital role. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new treatments to reduce adverse reactions, improve the treatment efficacy and expand their therapeutic indications more effectively and accurately. Combination therapy based on autophagy regulators is a very feasible and important method to overcome tumor resistance and sensitize anti-tumor drugs. However, the less improved efficacy, more systemic toxicity and other problems limit its clinical application. Nanotechnology provides a good way to overcome this limitation. Co-delivery of autophagy regulators combined with anti-tumor drugs through nanoplatforms provides a good therapeutic strategy for the treatment of tumors, especially drug-resistant tumors. Notably, the nanomaterials with autophagy regulatory properties have broad therapeutic prospects as carrier platforms, especially in adjuvant therapy. However, further research is still necessary to overcome the difficulties such as the safety, biocompatibility, and side effects of nanomedicine. In addition, clinical research is also indispensable to confirm its application in tumor treatment.

Keywords: autophagy; co-delivery; combination therapy; nanotechnology; tumor resistance.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The mechanisms of multi-drug resistance in tumor especially the autophagy mechanism.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The different role of autophagy in tumor drug resistance.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Nanotechnology based co-delivery system to deliver different treatment drugs. (A) The model of the co-delivery system; (B) The example of co-delivery system based on nanotechnology.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Co-delivery of autophagy regulators and anti-tumor therapies based on nanotechnology. (A) The model of the co-delivery method; (B) The example of nanotechnology based co-delivery of autophagy inhibitors and anti-tumor therapies.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Dual regulation of autophagy based on nanotechnology. (A) The model of the dual regulatory function; (B) The example of dual regulation of autophagy in starvation therapy based on nanotechnology.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The applications of nanotechnology in combination therapy with autophagy regulator in tumor drug resistance treatment.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2020. Ca A Cancer J Clinicians. 2020;70(1):7–30. doi:10.3322/caac.21590 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71(3):209–249. doi:10.3322/caac.21660 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Dembic Z. Antitumor Drugs and Their Targets. Molecules. 2020;25(23):5776. doi:10.3390/molecules25235776 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sun J, Wei Q, Zhou Y, Wang J, Liu Q, Xu H. A systematic analysis of FDA-approved anticancer drugs. BMC Syst. Biol. 2017;11(Suppl 5):87. doi:10.1186/s12918-017-0464-7 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sato R, Semba T, Saya H, Arima Y. Concise Review: stem Cells and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer: biological Implications and Therapeutic Targets. Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio). 2016;34(8):1997–2007. doi:10.1002/stem.2406 - DOI - PubMed

Substances