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. 2024 Jul-Aug;100(4):343-349.
doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2023.10.009. Epub 2024 Jan 30.

Missed opportunities in the prevention and diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis: a scoping review

Daniela Otoni Russo  1 , Ana Luisa Lodi Jimenez  2 , Lilian Martins Oliveira Diniz  3 , Claudete Araújo Cardoso  4 , Roberta Maia de Castro Romanelli  5
Affiliations

Missed opportunities in the prevention and diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis: a scoping review

Daniela Otoni Russo et al. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2024 Jul-Aug.

Abstract

Objectives: Identify potential barriers, delays, and missed opportunities in the prevention and diagnosis of childhood TB.

Methods: Scoping review according to the PRISMA extension. The definitions considered for the selection followed the acronym PCC where the population (P) is children under 18 years of age with TB disease, the concept (C) refers to missed opportunities for prevention and diagnosis, and context (C) is defined as a diagnosis of TB disease. The authors searched systematically in the databases; VHL/Lilacs, Medline via PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science, without date or language limitation.

Results: Seven studies were included. In developed countries, with low disease burden, the main shortcoming is the delay in diagnosing bacilliferous adults in contact with young children. This problem is concentrated in the portion of the population with socioeconomic vulnerability. In underdeveloped countries, with a high burden of disease, the biggest challenge is tracking children who come into contact with bacilliferous patients.

Conclusions: There are still many missed opportunities in the prevention and diagnosis of childhood TB. The positive legacy of the COVID-19 pandemic should be taken advantage of and the encouragement of scientific development in the management of infectious diseases should be taken.

Keywords: Case finding; Diagnosis; Gap; Missed opportunities; Prevention; Tuberculosis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig 1
Figure 1
Selection of studies evaluating the missed opportunities in the prevention and diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis. * PCC P (population) = is composed of children and adolescents under 18 years of age with TB; C (concept) = refers to missed opportunities such as contact with adults with TB and failure in LTBI investigation or treatment; C (context): is defined as the diagnosis of TB disease.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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