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. 2023 Jul 20:1171:1-112.
doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1171.104142. eCollection 2023.

Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Novochares Girón & Short (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)

Andrew Edward Z Short  1 , Jennifer C Girón  2
Affiliations

Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Novochares Girón & Short (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)

Andrew Edward Z Short et al. Zookeys. .

Abstract
in English, Spanish

The water scavenger beetle genus Novochares Girón & Short, 2021 is revised using a combination of adult morphological and DNA sequence data. Thirty-eight new species are described: Novocharesaperitosp. nov. (Bolivia), N.bacasp. nov. (Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Suriname), N.bidenssp. nov. (Brazil), N.bisinuatussp. nov. (Brazil), N.clavierisp. nov. (Brazil, French Guiana, Peru), N.dantasp. nov. (Venezuela), N.dentatussp. nov. (Ecuador, Venezuela), N.dicranospathussp. nov. (Peru), N.duosp. nov. (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela), N.fernandezaesp. nov. (Brazil, Peru, Venezuela), N.florifersp. nov. (Brazil), N.furcatussp. nov. (Brazil), N.garciaisp. nov. (Venezuela), N.garfosp. nov. (Brazil), N.geminussp. nov. (Brazil), N.kawsaysp. nov. (Ecuador, Peru), N.latussp. nov. (Brazil), N.minorsp. nov. (Peru, Suriname, Venezuela), N.mojenossp. nov. (Bolivia), N.murasp. nov. (Brazil), N.orchissp. nov. (Brazil, French Guiana, Suriname), N.pastinumsp. nov. (Ecuador), N.pertusussp. nov. (Brazil), N.piaroasp. nov. (Venezuela), N.pilatussp. nov. (Venezuela), N.pumesp. nov. (Venezuela), N.punctatostriatussp. nov. (Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname), N.quadrispinussp. nov. (Brazil, Guyana, Suriname), N.spanglerisp. nov. (Peru), N.tambopatensesp. nov. (Peru), N.tenedorsp. nov. (Guyana, Venezuela), N.triangularissp. nov. (Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay), N.tridentissp. nov. (Brazil), N.trifurcatussp. nov. (Peru), N.unguissp. nov. (Bolivia, Peru), N.xingusp. nov. (Brazil), and N.yanomamisp. nov. (Venezuela), N.yorasp. nov. (Peru). One new synonym is proposed: N.carmona (Short, 2005) syn. nov. was determined to be a junior subjective synonym of N.chaquensis (Fernández, 1982). Novocharesinornatus (d'Orchymont, 1926) is considered incertae sedis. Updated distributions and new records are provided for most previously described species in the genus. Novocharessallaei (Sharp, 1882) is considered native to the USA (Florida) and not an introduced species as previously suggested. Novochares now contains 52 species and spans the entire Neotropical region from Mexico to Argentina, including the Caribbean islands.

ResumenEl género de escarabajos acuáticos detritívoros Novochares Girón & Short, 2021, se revisa usando una combinación de datos morfológicos de los adultos y secuencias de ADN. Se describen 38 especies nuevas: Novocharesaperitosp. nov. (Bolivia), N.bacasp. nov. (Brasil, Ecuador, Perú, Surinam), N.bidenssp. nov. (Brasil), N.bisinuatussp. nov. (Brasil), N.clavierisp. nov. (Brasil, Guyana Francesa, Perú), N.dantasp. nov. (Venezuela), N.dentatussp. nov. (Ecuador, Venezuela), N.dicranospathussp. nov. (Perú), N.duosp. nov. (Brasil, Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Surinam, Venezuela), N.fernandezaesp. nov. (Brasil, Perú, Venezuela), N.florifersp. nov. (Brasil), N.furcatussp. nov. (Brasil), N.garciaisp. nov. (Venezuela), N.garfosp. nov. (Brasil), N.geminussp. nov. (Brasil), N.kawsaysp. nov. (Ecuador, Perú), N.latussp. nov. (Brasil), N.minorsp. nov. (Perú, Surinam, Venezuela), N.mojenossp. nov. (Bolivia), N.murasp. nov. (Brasil), N.orchissp. nov. (Brasil, Guyana Francesa, Surinam), N.pastinumsp. nov. (Ecuador), N.pertusussp. nov. (Brasil), N.piaroasp. nov. (Venezuela), N.pilatussp. nov. (Venezuela), N.pumesp. nov. (Venezuela), N.punctatostriatussp. nov. (Brasil, Guyana, Guyana Francesa, Perú, Surinam), N.quadrispinussp. nov. (Brasil, Guyana, Surinam), N.spanglerisp. nov. (Perú), N.tambopatensesp. nov. (Perú), N.tenedorsp. nov. (Guyana, Venezuela), N.triangularissp. nov. (Bolivia, Brasil, Paraguay), N.tridentissp. nov. (Brasil), N.trifurcatussp. nov. (Perú), N.unguissp. nov. (Bolivia, Perú), N.xingusp. nov. (Brasil), and N.yanomamisp. nov. (Venezuela), N.yorasp. nov. (Perú). Se propone una nueva sinonimia: N.carmona (Short, 2005) syn. nov. se determinó como sinónimo subjetivo posterior de N.chaquensis (Fernández, 1982). Novocharesinornatus (d’Orchymont, 1926) se considera incertae sedis. Se proveen distribuciones actualizadas y nuevos registros para la mayoría de las especies descritas previamente en el género. Novocharessallaei (Sharp, 1882) es considerada nativa en los Estados Unidos de América (Florida) y no como una especie potencialmente introducida como se afirmaba previamente. Novochares ahora contiene 52 especies y se extiende a lo largo de toda la región neotropical, desde México hasta Argentina, incluyendo las islas del Caribe.

Keywords: Aquatic beetles; Neotropical Region; integrative taxonomy; new species.

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Conflict of interest statement

No conflict of interest was declared.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Phylogeny of Novochares spp. Part 1: punctatostriatus, tectiformis, sallaei, orchis, minor, and garfo species groups. Inferred from COI and 28S combined sequence data. Numbers next to taxon names are extraction numbers (see Table 1). The Novochares portion of the phylogeny of Acidocerinae based on five gene fragments as presented in Short et al. (2021) is reproduced in the lower left corner for comparative purposes.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Phylogeny of Novochares spp. Part 2: abbreviatus species group. Inferred from COI and 28S combined sequence data. Numbers next to taxon names are extraction numbers (see Table 1).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Aedeagi of the Novocharesabbreviatus species group along with schematic representations of the whole, the parameres (in blue), and the dorsal (in yellow) and ventral (in red) plates of the median lobe AN.abbreviatusBN.oculatus.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Aedeagi of the Novocharespunctatostriatus, sallaei, and orchis species groups along with schematic representations of the whole, the parameres (in blue), and the dorsal (in yellow) and ventral (in red) plates of the median lobe AN.dentatusBN.orchisCN.sallaei.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Aedeagi of the Novocharestectiformis species group along with schematic representations of the whole, the parameres (in blue), and the dorsal (in yellow) and ventral (in red) plates of the median lobe AN.trifurcatusBN.tectiformisCN.mura.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Morphological features of Novochares spp. A, B mesoventrite C, D dorsal view of the head AN.tectiformisBN.cochlearisCAulonocharesligulatusDN.pertusus.
Figure 7.
Figure 7.
Dorsal habitus of Novochares spp. AN.abbreviatusBN.pilatusCN.minorDN.tenedor.
Figure 8.
Figure 8.
Aedeagi of the Novocharesabbreviatus species group A–LN.abbreviatusA–C Nicaragua D–F Argentina G–I Venezuela J–L Guyana M–ON.latusP–RN.pilatusA, D, G, J, M, P dorsal view B, E, H, K, N, Q ventral view C, F, I, L, O, R lateral view.
Figure 9.
Figure 9.
Aedeagi and habitus of the Novocharesabbreviatus species group A–EN.oculatus: A–C aedeagus, Mexico D, E paralectotype from Guatemala D aedeagus E habitus F–K miscellaneous forms of aedeagi in the abbreviatus species group F, G Argentina H, I Venezuela J, K Bolivia L, M, RN.pallipesN, ON.bacaA, D, F, H, J, L, N dorsal view B, M ventral view C, G, I, K, O lateral view R oblique view.
Figure 10.
Figure 10.
Distribution of Novocharesabbreviatus species group AN.abbreviatus: examined specimens (red) and literature/unconfirmed records (blue) BN.oculatus: examined specimens (red) and literature/unconfirmed records (blue) CN.pallipes (red), N.latus (yellow), N.baca (blue), N.pilatus (green).
Figure 11.
Figure 11.
Aedeagi of Novochares spp. A–CN.aperitoD–FN.orchisG–KN.minorG–J Peru K Venezuela A, D, G, K dorsal view B, E, H ventral view C, F, J oblique view I lateral view.
Figure 12.
Figure 12.
Aedeagi of the Novocharesgarfo species group A–CN.bidensD–FN.furcatusG–JN.garfoK–MN.tenedorA, D, G, K dorsal view B, E, H, L ventral view C, I, M lateral view F, J oblique view.
Figure 13.
Figure 13.
Distribution of Novochares spp. AN.aperito (red), N.minor (yellow), N.orchis (blue) BN.bidens (red), N.furcatus (yellow), N.garfo (blue), N.tenedor (green).
Figure 14.
Figure 14.
Dorsal habitus of Novochares spp. AN.dentatusBN.punctatostriatusCN.pertususDN.triangularis.
Figure 15.
Figure 15.
Aedeagi of the Novocharespunctatostriatus species group A–DN.dentatusE, FN.spangleriG, HN.geminusIN.triangularisJ, KN.pertususL–QN.punctatostriatusA–C Venezuela D Ecuador L–N Suriname O Peru P, Q Brazil. A, E, G, I, J, L, O, P dorsal view H, M, Q ventral view C, F, N oblique view K lateral view.
Figure 16.
Figure 16.
Distribution of Novocharespunctatostriatus species group AN.punctatostriatus (red), N.pertusus (yellow) BN.dentatus (red), N.triangularis (yellow), N.spangleri (blue), N.geminus (green).
Figure 17.
Figure 17.
Dorsal habitus of Novochares spp. AN.guadelupensisBN.pichilingueCN.cochlearisDN.quadrispinus.
Figure 18.
Figure 18.
Aedeagi of the Novocharessallaei species group A, BN.bisinuatusC–EN.yanomamiF–IN.fernandezaeJ, KN.unguisLN.clavieriM–PN.cochlearisA, C, F, J, L, M, O, P dorsal view B, H, N lateral view D, G ventral view E, I, K oblique view M, N Brazil O Venezuela P Suriname.
Figure 19.
Figure 19.
Aedeagi of the Novocharessallaei species group A–HN.guadelupensisI–LN.kawsayA–C Guadeloupe D–G Suriname H Guyana I–K Ecuador L Peru A, D, E, H, I, L dorsal view B, F, J ventral view C, G, K lateral view.
Figure 20.
Figure 20.
Aedeagi of the Novocharessallaei species group A–EN.chaquensisFN.garciaiG–IN.dicranospathusJ–LN.atratusM–RN.sallaeiA–C Argentina D Costa Rica E Trinidad M–P Guatemala Q, R Mexico A, D–G, J, M, Q dorsal view B, H, K, N, R ventral view C, I, L, O lateral view P oblique view.
Figure 21.
Figure 21.
Aedeagi of the Novocharessallaei species group A–DN.pastinumE, FN.quadrispinusG–JN.tridentisK, LN.pichilingueA, E, G, K dorsal view B ventral view C, F lateral view D, I (dorsal) J (ventral) L oblique view.
Figure 22.
Figure 22.
Distribution of Novocharessallaei species group AN.cochlearis (red: circles, examined specimens; squares, literature/unconfirmed records), N.dicranospathus (yellow), N.pastinum (blue) BN.atratus (red: circles, examined specimens; squares, literature/unconfirmed records), N.clavieri (yellow), N.bisinuatus (blue), N.garciai (green) CN.chaquensis (red: circles, examined specimens; squares, literature/unconfirmed records), N.pichilingue (yellow) DN.fernandezae (red), N.tridentis (yellow), N.quadrispinus (blue), N.unguis (green).
Figure 23.
Figure 23.
Distribution of Novocharessallaei species group. N.sallaei (red: circles, examined specimens; squares, literature/unconfirmed records), N.guadelupensis (yellow), N.yanomami (blue), N.kawsay (green).
Figure 24.
Figure 24.
Dorsal habitus of Novochares spp. AN.tectiformisBN.orchisCN.duoDN.piaroa.
Figure 25.
Figure 25.
Aedeagi of the Novocharestectiformis species group A–DN.duoE, FN.bolivianusG–LN.tectiformisA, E, F, G, K, L dorsal view B, H ventral view C, I lateral view D, J oblique view.
Figure 26.
Figure 26.
Aedeagi of the Novocharestectiformis species group A–CN.yoraD–FN.mojenosG–KN.coyaLN.atlanticusA, D, G, I, K, L dorsal view B, E ventral view C, F, H, J lateral view G, H Trinidad I, J Peru K Guyana.
Figure 27.
Figure 27.
Aedeagi of the Novocharestectiformis species group A–CN.muraD, EN.xinguF–HN.dantaI, JN.trifurcatusA, D, F, I dorsal view B, E, G ventral view C oblique view H, J lateral view.
Figure 28.
Figure 28.
Aedeagi of the Novocharestectiformis species group A–CN.piaroaD–FN.floriferG–JN.pumeK, LN.tambopatenseA, D, G, K dorsal view B, H ventral view C, F, I lateral view E, J, L oblique view.
Figure 29.
Figure 29.
Distribution of Novocharestectiformis species group AN.duo (red), N.bolivianus (yellow), N.atlanticus (blue), N.danta (green) BN.coya (red), N.yora (yellow), N.xingu (blue), N.mura (green), N.trifurcatus (purple) CN.tectiformis (red) DN.pume (red), N.piaroa (yellow), N.florifer (blue), N.mojenos (green), N.tambopatense (purple).
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