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Review
. 2024 Jan 8;16(1):e51867.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.51867. eCollection 2024 Jan.

Treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension With Sotatercept: A Meta-Analysis

Naseer Uddin  1 , Muhammad Talal Ashraf  1 , Stafford Jude Sam  1 , Affan Sohail  1 , Syed Muhammad Ismail  2 , Antonella Paladini  3 , Abdul Ahad Syed  1 , Tamam Mohamad  4 , Giustino Varrassi  5 , Satish Kumar  6 , Mahima Khatri  7
Affiliations
Review

Treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension With Sotatercept: A Meta-Analysis

Naseer Uddin et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) results from proliferative remodeling and narrowing of the pulmonary vasculature. Sotatercept is a first-in-class fusion protein that has recently garnered attention for showing improvements in patients with PAH. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assesses the overall efficacy of Sotatercept in treating PAH. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched using relevant keywords and MeSH terms. Studies were included if RCTs compared Sotatercept with placebo in patients with PAH. Our comprehensive literature search yielded 3,127 results, of which two RCTs with 429 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The patients were on background therapy for PAH. Results of the meta-analysis show that when compared with placebo, Sotatercept improved the six-minute walk distance (mean difference [MD] 34.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] 19.02-50.95; P < 0.0001), the World Health Organization (WHO) functional class (odds ratio [OR] 2.50; 95% CI 1.50-4.15; P = 0.0004), and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR, MD -253.90; 95% CI -356.05 to -151.75; P < 0.00001). However, reduction in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP, MD -1563.14; 95% CI -3271.93 to 145.65; P = 0.07) was not statistically significant in the Sotatercept group versus placebo. In conclusion, Sotatercept improves the six-minute walk distance, WHO functional class, and PVR in patients with PAH receiving background therapy. However, the effect on NT-proBNP levels was not statistically significant. More research is needed to assess the clinical relevance of these findings.

Keywords: drug therapy; meta-analysis; pulmonary arterial hypertension; pulmonology; sotatercept.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. PRISMA flow diagram showing the study selection process.
PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
Figure 2
Figure 2. Forest plot of change in a six-minute walk distance.
CI, confidence interval, SD, standard deviation; IV, intravenous
Figure 3
Figure 3. Forest plot of WHO functional class improvement.
CI, confidence interval; WHO, World Health Organization
Figure 4
Figure 4. Forest plot of change in pulmonary vascular resistance.
CI, confidence interval, SD, standard deviation
Figure 5
Figure 5. Forest plot of change in NT-proBNP.
CI, confidence interval, SD, standard deviation; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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