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Review
. 2024 Jan 31;13(3):823.
doi: 10.3390/jcm13030823.

Primary Cutaneous CD30-Positive Lymphoproliferative Disorders-Current Therapeutic Approaches with a Focus on Brentuximab Vedotin

Tomasz Stein  1 , Tadeusz Robak  2   3 , Wojciech Biernat  4 , Ewa Robak  1
Affiliations
Review

Primary Cutaneous CD30-Positive Lymphoproliferative Disorders-Current Therapeutic Approaches with a Focus on Brentuximab Vedotin

Tomasz Stein et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

One of the most common subgroups of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas is that of primary cutaneous CD30-positive lymphoproliferative disorders. The group includes lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL), as well as some borderline cases. Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the genetics and treatment of these disorders. This review article summarises the clinical evidence supporting the current treatment options for these diseases. Recent years have seen the introduction of novel agents into clinical practice; most of these target CD30, such as anti-CD30 monoclonal antibodies and conjugated antibodies (brentuximab vedotin), bispecific antibodies and cellular therapies, particularly anti-CD30 CAR-T cells. This paper briefly reviews the biology of CD30 that makes it a good therapeutic target and describes the anti-CD30 therapies that have emerged to date.

Keywords: CD30-positive lymphomas; anaplastic large cell lymphoma; brentuximab vedotin; diagnosis; lymphomatoid papulosis; primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma; treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organisation or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript. Writing assistance was not utilised in the production of this manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Clinical characteristics and histopathology of lymphoid papulosis. Scattered papules and single nodules are visible on the skin of the limbs and trunk (A). Some lesions have a haemorrhagic component, and others present disintegrations in the centre (B). Typical arrangement of the cutaneous infiltrate with nodular aggregates sparing the epidermis (C). Cellular composition contains small lymphocytes and scattered eosinophils with single atypical CD30+ cells (D).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Clinical characteristics and histopathology of primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma. On the top of the head, there are extensive merging ulcers accompanied by pain (A,B). Diffuse infiltration of lymphoma cells involves the skin (C). It contains atypical pleomorphic cells (D). Mononucleated and multinucleated cells prevail and show strong CD30 expression (E).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Brentuximab vedotin—mechanism of action. ADC binds to CD30-ADC-CD30-complex (1). Endocytosis (2). ADC-CD30 complex traffics to lysosome (3). MMAE released by lysosomal proteases (4). MMAE binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule network, leading to G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis (5).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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