The effect of body mass index on short-term outcomes in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: a retrospective study from a single cardiovascular center

Abstract

Objective: This study is designed to investigate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the short-term outcomes of patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (OPCAB) surgery.

Methods: Data was obtained from 1006 Chinese patients who underwent isolated, primary OPCAB at a high-traffic cardiovascular center during 2020. Subjects were categorized, by BMI, into a low & normal weight (LN) group (BMI < 24 kg/m²), an overweight (OVW) group (24 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m²), and an obese (OBS) group (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m²). Information pertaining to patients' short-term outcomes (including incidence of mortality and morbidities; duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation; length of stay in the ICU and hospital; postoperative bleeding; etc.) were extracted, and the data from each group were compared.

Results: The incidences of in-hospital mortality and morbidities were similar for all three groups. The volume of fluid infusion, postoperative bleeding within 24 h and total bleeding in LN group were higher than those in the OBS group (P < 0.001). The hemoglobin level was lower in the LN group than that in the OBS group (P < 0.001). Duration of mechanical ventilation and length of stay in the ICU in the LN group were longer than those in the OBS group (P < 0.001).

Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that BMI is not significantly related with short-term outcomes in OPCAB patients. However, we suggest that OPCAB patients with low-normal BMI are more susceptible to post-operative blood loss.

Keywords: Body mass index; Coronary artery bypass grafting; Off-pump; Short-term outcomes.

Fig. 1

Enrollment flowchart

Fig. 2

BMI distribution across the analyzed sample shows an approximately normal distribution as seen by the curve