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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Feb 12;24(1):444.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-17707-7.

Association between metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction among patients with excess body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zahra Sedaghat  1 , Soheila Khodakarim  2 , Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi  3   4 , Siamak Sabour  5
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Association between metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction among patients with excess body weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zahra Sedaghat et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Controversial views exist over the effects of metabolically unhealthy obesity phenotypes on CVDs. This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis to assess the association between metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction (MI) among individuals with excess body weight (EBW).

Methods: We searched PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases as of December 9, 2023. Cohort studies involving patients with overweight or obesity that reported the relevant effect measures for the association between metabolic syndrome and MI were included. We excluded studies with incomplete or unavailable original data, reanalysis of previously published data, and those that did not report the adjusted effect sizes. We used the Newcastle Ottawa Scale for quality assessment. Random-effect model meta-analysis was performed. Publication bias was assessed by Begg's test.

Results: Overall, nine studies comprising a total of 61,104 participants were included. There was a significant positive association between metabolic syndrome and MI among those with obesity (hazard ratio (HR): 1.68; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.27, 2.22). Subgroup analysis showed higher HRs for obesity (1.72; 1.03, 2.88) than overweight (1.58; 1.-13-2.21). Meta-regression revealed no significant association between nationality and risk of MI (p = 0.75). All studies had high qualities. There was no significant publication bias (p = 0.42).

Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome increased the risk of MI in those with EBW. Further studies are recommended to investigate other risk factors of CVDs in EBW, in order to implement preventive programs to reduce the burden of CVD in obesity.

Keywords: Meta-analysis; Metabolic syndrome; Myocardial infarction; Obesity; Overweight; Systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Study selection process
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plots of the association between metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction among individuals with excess body weight. ES: effect size; CI: confidence interval
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Forest plots of the association between metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction among individuals with excess body weight by body mass index values (A) and quality assessment scores (B). ES: effect size; CI: confidence interval
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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