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. 2024 Feb 7;10(1):e001682.
doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001682. eCollection 2024.

Objectively evaluated physical activity among individuals following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Marko Manojlovic  1 , Roberto Roklicer  1 , Tatjana Trivic  1 , Attilio Carraro  2 , Zoran Gojkovic  3 , Nemanja Maksimovic  4 , Antonino Bianco  4 , Patrik Drid  1
Affiliations

Objectively evaluated physical activity among individuals following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Marko Manojlovic et al. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. .

Abstract

Objective: To compare time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) per week, MVPA per day, and steps per day between individuals that were subjected to the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and healthy control group.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Data sources: Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed have been comprehensively searched to identify relevant investigations.

Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: An observational research that objectively evaluated physical activity among respondents with a history of ACLR.

Results: Of 302 records, a total of 12 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Four hundred and forty-three participants underwent the ACLR, 153 men and 290 women. The mean time between anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery and evaluation of analysed outcomes was 34.8 months. The main findings demonstrated that the ACLR group spent less time in weekly MVPA (standardised mean differences (SMD)=-0.43 (95% CI -0.66 to -0.20); mean = -55.86 min (95% CI -86.45 to -25.27); p=0.0003; τ2=0.00), in daily MVPA (SMD=-0.51 95% CI -0.76 to -0.26]; mean = -15.59 min (95% CI -22.93 to -8.25); p<0.0001; τ2=0.00), and they had fewer daily steps (SMD=-0.60 95% CI -0.90 to -0.30); mean = -1724.39 steps (95% CI -2552.27 to -896.50); p<0.0001; τ2=0.00) relative to their non-injured counterparts. Additionally, available investigations indicated that individuals with a history of ACLR participated in 316.8 min of MVPA per week, 67 min in MVPA per day, and 8337 steps per day.

Conclusion: Long-term after ACLR, participants undergoing ACL surgery were less physically active compared with their non-injured peers, and they did not satisfy recommendations regarding steps per day.

Prospero registration number: CRD42023431991.

Keywords: Accelerometer; Exercise; Knee ACL; Knee surgery; Meta-analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow diagram demonstrates the entire process of the research selection. PRISMA, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Differences between ACLR group and healthy controls in variable MVPA per week. ACLR, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Differences between ACLR group and healthy controls in variable MVPA per day. ACLR, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; MVPA, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Differences between ACLR group and healthy controls in variable steps per day. ACLR, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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