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Meta-Analysis
. 2024 Feb;21(2):e14765.
doi: 10.1111/iwj.14765.

Prevalence of surgical site infection and risk factors in patients after knee surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Morteza Zaboli Mahdiabadi  1 , Bahar Farhadi  2 , Parinaz Shahroudi  3 , Mohsen Mohammadi  4 , Amin Omrani  5 , Maryam Mohammadi  6 , Nafiseh Hekmati Pour  7 , Hamid Hojjati  8 , Masoomeh Najafi  9 , Zahra Majd Teimoori  10 , Ramyar Farzan  11 , Reza Salehi  12
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of surgical site infection and risk factors in patients after knee surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Morteza Zaboli Mahdiabadi et al. Int Wound J. 2024 Feb.

Retraction in

Abstract

The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI) and risk factors in patients after knee surgery. A comprehensive and systematic search was carried out across various international electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science, as well as Persian electronic databases like Iranmedex and the Scientific Information Database (SID). This search involved the utilization of keywords derived from Medical Subject Headings, such as 'Prevalence', 'Surgical wound infection', 'Surgical site infection' and 'Orthopaedics', spanning from the earliest records up to 1 October 2023. To assess the quality of the included studies, the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS tool) was utilized. The study encompassed a combined participant pool of 11 028 individuals who underwent knee surgery across seven selected studies. The collective prevalence of SSI in patients who underwent knee surgery, as reported in the seven included studies, was determined to be 3.0% (95% CI: 1.2% to 7.5%; I2 = 96.612%; p < 0.001). The combined prevalence of SSI in patients with DM, as reported in six studies, was 5.1% (95% CI: 1.7% to 14.5%; I2 = 79.054%; p < 0.001). Similarly, the pooled prevalence of SSI in patients with HTN, drawn from four studies, was 1.8% (95% CI: 0.7% to 4.5%; I2 = 63.996%; p = 0.040). Additionally, the collective prevalence of SSI in patients with a history of tobacco use, based on findings from six studies, was 4.8% (95% CI: 1.4% to 15.2%; I2 = 93.358%; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis was conducted within six studies, categorizing them by two countries, namely China and the USA. These analyses revealed that the prevalence of SSI following knee surgery was 3.0% in China and 2.0% in the USA. It is noteworthy that variations in SSI prevalence across different studies may be attributed to a multitude of factors, particularly varying risk factors among patient populations. To address this issue and mitigate the impact of SSI on knee surgery patients, it is advisable to develop tailored interventions.

Keywords: meta-analysis; orthopaedics; prevalence; surgical site infection; surgical wound infection.

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Conflict of interest statement

We do not have potential conflicts of interest concerning the research, authorship and publication of this article.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Flow diagram of the study selection process.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Methodological quality assessment of included studies.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Forest plot prevalence of surgical site infection (SSI).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
The odds ratio of surgical site infection (SSI) based on gender.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Subgroup analysis of surgical site infection (SSI) prevalence in the USA and China.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Sensitivity analysis.
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
Funnel plot of surgical site infection (SSI).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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