Physical activity, organized sport participation and active transportation to school among Canadian youth by gender identity and sexual attraction
- PMID: 38353939
- PMCID: PMC11013025
- DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.44.2.02
Physical activity, organized sport participation and active transportation to school among Canadian youth by gender identity and sexual attraction
Abstract
Introduction: Regular physical activity is associated with a wide range of health benefits in youth. While previous studies have identified disparities in physical activity among youth by gender identity and sexual attraction, these have seldom been explored in Canadian youth.
Methods: Data from the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth were used to assess prevalence of and time spent in organized sports participation, total physical activity and active transportation by gender identity (non-cisgender vs. cisgender) among youth aged 12 to 17, and by sexual attraction (nonheterosexual attraction vs. heterosexual attraction) among youth aged 15 to 17.
Results: There was no difference in average minutes of total physical activity per week between non-cisgender and cisgender Canadian youth. Non-cisgender youth (which represent 0.5% of the population) averaged significantly fewer minutes of organized sports per week than their cisgender counterparts. There was some evidence of increased active transportation to school among non-cisgender youth, but insufficient power to detect significant differences. Canadian youth reporting any nonheterosexual attraction (which represent 21.2% of the population, including mostly heterosexual youth) were less likely to be regularly physically active and participate in organized sports than youth reporting exclusive heterosexual attraction. Differences were larger among males than females. Males reporting nonheterosexual attraction were more likely to use active transportation to get to school than their heterosexual counterparts.
Conclusion: Non-cisgender youth and youth reporting nonheterosexual attraction tended to participate less in organized sports than their counterparts, but may have engaged in more active transportation. Mitigating the barriers associated with sport participation could increase physical activity among these groups.
Introduction: La pratique régulière d’activité physique est associée à un grand nombre d’avantages pour la santé chez les jeunes. Bien que des études antérieures aient fait ressortir des différences dans la pratique de l’activité physique chez les jeunes selon l’identité de genre et l’orientation sexuelle, ces facteurs ont été peu étudiés chez les adolescents canadiens.
Méthodologie: Les données de l’Enquête canadienne sur la santé des enfants et des jeunes de 2019 ont été utilisées pour évaluer la prévalence de la participation à des sports organisés, le temps passé à pratiquer des sports organisés, l’activité physique totale et l’utilisation du transport actif pour se rendre à l’école en fonction de l’identité de genre (cisgenre ou non cisgenre) chez les adolescents de 12 à 17 ans et de l’attirance sexuelle (hétérosexuelle ou non hétérosexuelle) chez les adolescents de 15 à 17 ans.
Résultats: Aucune différence n’a été constatée entre les adolescents canadiens cisgenres et non cisgenres sur le plan du nombre moyen de minutes d’activité physique totale par semaine. Le nombre hebdomadaire moyen de minutes passées à pratiquer des sports organisés était nettement plus faible chez les adolescents non cisgenres (qui représentent 0,5 % de la population) que chez les adolescents cisgenres. Certaines données indiquent que les adolescents non cisgenres étaient plus nombreux que les autres adolescents à utiliser le transport actif pour se rendre à l’école, mais leur puissance statistique est insuffisante pour faire ressortir des différences significatives. Les adolescents canadiens ayant déclaré tout type d’attirance non hétérosexuelle (et qui représentent 21,2 % de la population, incluant les jeunes avec une attirance principalement hétérosexuelle) étaient moins nombreux que les adolescents ayant déclaré une attirance exclusivement hétérosexuelle à faire de l’activité physique régulièrement et à participer à des sports organisés. Les écarts étaient plus marqués chez les garçons que chez les filles. Les garçons ayant déclaré une attirance non hétérosexuelle étaient plus nombreux que ceux ayant déclaré une attirance hétérosexuelle à utiliser le transport actif pour se rendre à l’école.
Conclusion: Les adolescents non cisgenres et les adolescents ayant déclaré une attirance non hétérosexuelle participaient moins que les autres adolescents à des sports organisés, mais ils semblent être plus nombreux à utiliser le transport actif. L’atténuation des barrières à la pratique de sports organisés pourrait accroître l’activité physique dans ces groupes.
Keywords: active transportation; exercise; gender identity; physical activity; sexual and gender minorities; sexual orientation; youth sports.
Plain language summary
Non-cisgender youth in Canada had lower levels of participation in organized sports than cisgender youth; however, they engaged in similar levels of total physical activity. Nonheterosexual-attracted youth in Canada had lower levels of participation in organized sports and total physical activity than heterosexual-attracted youth. Efforts are needed to minimize barriers associated with organized sport participation for non-cisgender and nonheterosexual-attracted youth.
Conflict of interest statement
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Similar articles
-
Barriers to Participation in Organized Physical Activity Among LGBTQ+ Youth: Differences by Sexual, Gender, and Racial Identities.J Phys Act Health. 2024 Apr 16;21(7):698-706. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0652. Print 2024 Jul 1. J Phys Act Health. 2024. PMID: 38626889
-
Gender identity and sexual attraction among Canadian youth: findings from the 2019 Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth.Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can. 2023 Jun;43(6):299-305. doi: 10.24095/hpcdp.43.6.04. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can. 2023. PMID: 37379359 Free PMC article.
-
Sexual and gender minority youth in Canada: An investigation of disparities in positive mental health.Can J Public Health. 2025 Feb;116(1):86-96. doi: 10.17269/s41997-024-00931-4. Epub 2024 Sep 25. Can J Public Health. 2025. PMID: 39322914 Free PMC article.
-
The contribution of organised sports to physical activity in Australia: Results and directions from the Active Healthy Kids Australia 2014 Report Card on physical activity for children and young people.J Sci Med Sport. 2016 May;19(5):407-12. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2015.04.011. Epub 2015 Apr 30. J Sci Med Sport. 2016. PMID: 25979479 Review.
-
The 2022 ParticipACTION Report Card on Physical Activity for Children and Youth: Focus on the COVID-19 pandemic impact and equity-deserving groups.Front Public Health. 2023 May 26;11:1172168. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1172168. eCollection 2023. Front Public Health. 2023. PMID: 37304090 Free PMC article. Review.
References
-
- Tremblay MS, Carson V, Chaput JP, et al, et al. Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for children and youth: an integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41((6 Suppl. 3)):S311–S327. - PubMed
-
- Government of Canada. Ottawa(ON): Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep (PASS) indicators [Internet] Available from: https://health-infobase.canada.ca/pass.
-
- Poitras VJ, Gray CE, Borghese MM, et al, et al. Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41((6 Suppl 3)):S197–S239. - PubMed
MeSH terms
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources