A Rare Case of Submandibular Gland Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Diagnostic Challenges and Surgical Management

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in salivary glands is rare, often posing diagnostic challenges. This case report presents a 75-year-old male with progressively increasing swelling and pain in the right submandibular gland, eventually diagnosed as moderately differentiated SCC. The diagnostic journey involved fine needle aspiration cytology, imaging studies, and histopathological examination. The patient underwent surgical intervention, including submandibular gland excision and selective neck dissection, which successfully achieved local control. Subsequent postoperative follow-up indicated a favorable outcome, with no significant complaints. This report contributes insights into the multidisciplinary diagnostic approach and underscores the importance of imaging modalities in managing salivary gland SCC. This rare case emphasizes the need for ongoing research to refine management strategies for salivary gland SCC. By presenting a comprehensive diagnostic and therapeutic approach, this report contributes to the limited literature on this malignancy, emphasizing its rarity and the necessity for continued exploration of long-term outcomes. In conclusion, our case provides valuable insights into the medical knowledge surrounding SCC in salivary glands, warranting attention and further investigation.

Keywords: fine needle aspiration cytology (fnac); multidisciplinary approach; salivary glands; squamous cell carcinoma; submandibular gland; surgical excision.

Figure 1. Swelling measuring 4 x 2 cm was noted in the right submandibular region.

Figure 2. Heterogeneously enhancing irregular soft tissue density lesion in the right submandibular space.

Figure 3. Submandibular gland excision and selective neck dissection of levels II, III, and IV were performed.

Figure 4. Moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.