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. 2024 Feb 1:69:1606660.
doi: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606660. eCollection 2024.

Predictors of Multimorbidity (Defined as Diabetes + Hypertension) Amongst Males Aged 15-54 in India: An Urban/Rural Split Analysis

Vikramjit Brar  1 , Ngianga-Bakwin Kandala  1 , Amanda Terry  1   2   3 , Amardeep Thind  1   2   3
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Predictors of Multimorbidity (Defined as Diabetes + Hypertension) Amongst Males Aged 15-54 in India: An Urban/Rural Split Analysis

Vikramjit Brar et al. Int J Public Health. .

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to determine which sociodemographic and lifestyle factors may act as predictors of multimorbidity (defined as diabetes + hypertension) amongst men aged 15-54 within urban and rural areas of India. Methods: Data from the latest 2019-2021 India NFHS-5 survey were utilized. Presumed cases of multimorbidity were defined as men who had DM + HTN. A total of 22,411 men in urban areas and 66,768 rural men were analyzed using mixed-effect multi-level binary logistic regression models. Results: Various predictors were found to have a statistically significant association to multimorbidity. Urban areas: Age, region of residence, wealth, religion, occupation, and BMI. Rural areas: Age, education, region of residence, wealth, occupation, caste, BMI, alcohol consumption, media exposure, and tobacco consumption. Conclusion: Departing from the broad operational definitions often studied within literature, this study provided insight into one of the most prevalent specific multimorbidities across India. The urban/rural split analyses revealed substantial differences in high-risk characteristics across both areas, which have commonly been overlooked. These findings may better inform policymakers and assist in effectively reducing multimorbidity-related burden through area-specific preventative programs.

Keywords: India; diabetes and hypertension; males; multimorbidity; predictors of multimorbidity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they do not have any conflicts of interest.

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