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. 2024 Jun;113(6):1376-1384.
doi: 10.1111/apa.17158. Epub 2024 Feb 19.

Rhinovirus-induced wheeze was associated with asthma development in predisposed children

Idun Holmdahl  1   2 , Sofia Lüning  1   2 , Sabina Wärnberg Gerdin  1   2 , Anna Asarnoj  1   2 , Angela Hoyer  1   2 , Anastasia Filiou  1   2 , Anders Sjölander  3 , Anna James  1   4 , Magnus P Borres  3   5 , Gunilla Hedlin  1 , Marianne van Hage  6   7 , Cilla Söderhäll  1   2 , Jon R Konradsen  1   2
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Rhinovirus-induced wheeze was associated with asthma development in predisposed children

Idun Holmdahl et al. Acta Paediatr. 2024 Jun.

Abstract

Aim: This study explored whether early-life factors, such as rhinovirus-induced wheeze and allergic sensitisation, were related to asthma at 11 years of age.

Methods: We focused on 107 children aged 6-48 months, who attended the paediatric emergency department at Astrid Lindgren's Children's Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, with acute wheeze in 2008-2012. They also attended follow-up visits at 11 years of age and were compared with 46 age-matched healthy controls. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with logistic regression.

Results: We found that 62.6% of the acute wheeze cases had asthma at 11 years of age. Rhinoviruses at inclusion were the only common airway viruses associated with an increased asthma risk (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.02-5.6). Other increased risks were parental heredity for asthma and/or allergies (adjusted OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.1-9.9) and allergic sensitisation at 2 years of age (adjusted OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.02-8.7). The highest prevalence of asthma was when children had both rhinovirus-induced wheeze at inclusion and allergic sensitisation at 7 years of age.

Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of hereditary factors and allergic sensitisation on the development of asthma and suggest that rhinoviruses are associated with asthma development in predisposed children.

Keywords: allergic sensitisation; asthma; heredity; preschool wheeze; rhinoviruses.

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