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. 2024 Feb 10;10(4):e26256.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26256. eCollection 2024 Feb 29.

Influence of inherent minerals on metalworking fluids sludge pyrolysis: Products characterization and heavy metals behavior

Guidan Zhu  1 , Xingdong Wang  2 , Xuan Yin  3 , Mengmeng Zhu  4 , Jiaying Li  1 , Ling Cao  1 , Zhiyang Sun  1 , Hehua Zeng  1
Affiliations

Influence of inherent minerals on metalworking fluids sludge pyrolysis: Products characterization and heavy metals behavior

Guidan Zhu et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Safely and appropriately disposing of metalworking fluids sludge (MFS) remains a challenge owing to its highly hazardous properties, this work investigated MFS pyrolysis at various temperatures (500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 °C) for energy recovery and safety treatment of MFS. The experimental results indicated that inherent minerals at higher temperatures could enhance the gas yields and promote the qualities of oil and gas from MFS pyrolysis. The highest pyrolysis gas yield was achieved at 18.86 wt% after MFS pyrolysis at 900 °C. GC-MS analysis revealed that the inherent minerals facilitated a decrease in oxygenated and nitrogenated compounds within the oil, while simultaneously leading to a substantial increase in hydrocarbon contents. Notably, the highest content of aromatics (61.16%) was attained during pyrolysis at 900 °C. Moreover, inherent minerals improved carbon sequestration and the characteristics of biochar during the MFS pyrolysis. The leaching contents of heavy metals in biochars were reduced, thereby reducing the heavy metals associated environmental risk. This research suggests that the pyrolysis process was a promising approach for simultaneous energy recovery and MFS disposal with low environmental risk.

Keywords: Characterization; Heavy metals; Metalworking fluids sludge; Product; Pyrolysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Guidan Zhu reports financial support was provided by 10.13039/501100015310Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Hehua Zeng reports financial support was provided by 10.13039/501100001809National Natural Science Foundation of China. Guidan Zhu reports financial support was provided by Natural Science Foundation of Changji University. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Image 1
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Scheme of the pyrolysis apparatus (1, high-pressure N2; 2, flow control; 3, horizontal quartz tube; 4, heated furnace; 5, thermocouple; 6, temperature controller; 7, condenser; 8, acetone trap; 9, gas collector).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Product yields under different pyrolysis temperatures.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Influence of temperature on GC-MS components distribution of oil (A) and gas composition yields (B).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
XRD patterns of MFS and its biochars.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
SEM images of MFS and its biochars.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
FTIR spectra of MFS and its biochars.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
The residual rate of heavy metals in biochars.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
TCLP leaching rate of heavy metals in MFS and its biochars.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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