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. 2024 Feb 17;13(1):tfae019.
doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfae019. eCollection 2024 Feb.

In vivo toxicological assessment of silver nanoparticle in edible fish, Oreochromis mossambicus

Gisha Sivan  1 , Rajesh Pamanji  2 , Srikanth Koigoora  3 , Nimila Joseph  4 , Joseph Selvin  2
Affiliations

In vivo toxicological assessment of silver nanoparticle in edible fish, Oreochromis mossambicus

Gisha Sivan et al. Toxicol Res (Camb). .

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles are the extensively utilized among all nanoparticles due to their antibacterial and wound healing properties making them highly suitable for medical and pharmaceutical applications. The field of nanoparticle toxicity is an emerging field and the present study aims to assess the biochemical, hematological and genotoxicity in Oreochromis mossambicus exposed to different concentrations of silver nanoparticles for 7 and 14 days. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by reduction of silver nitrate using trisodium citrate and was characterized using X-ray diffraction, SEM, HRTEM and DLS. Hematological parameters like RBC, WBC, Hb, HCT and MCV and for biochemical analysis, antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPX and serum enzymes AST, ALT, ACP, ALP and LDH were analyzed. Genotoxicity was studied using comet assay. Results obtained showed decrease in erythrocytes, HCT, Hb and MCV while an increase was noted in WBC on day 7 and 14. The antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and GPx showed a decrease and the lipid peroxidation product MDA was elevated. The serum enzymes AST, ALT, ACP ALP and LDH showed an increased activity when compared to control. DNA damage was evident by an increase in % TDNA. The results indicate hematological, biochemical and genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles that might be mediated through ROS generation in O. mossambicus.

Keywords: Oreochromis mossambicus; biochemical; genotoxicity; hematological; silver nanoparticle; toxicity.

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Conflict of interest statement

All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Xray diffraction studies of silver nanoparticle.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Scanning electron microscopy of silver nanoparticles.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
High resolution transmission electron microscopy of silver nanoparticles.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Particle size distribution of silver nanoparticles (100 mg/L) dispersed in water using dynamic light scattering. Values are means of three replicates.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Oxidative stress markers of Oreochromis mossambicus exposed to different concentration of silver nanoparticle and control. A) Superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) B) catalase activity (CAT) C) glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and D) malondialdehyde (MDA). Values are presented as mean + SD. Lower case letter represents statistically (P < 0.05) different groups (one way ANOVA).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Serum enzymes of Oreochromis mossambicus exposed to different concentration of silver nanoparticle. A) Aspartate transaminase activity (AST) B) alanine transaminase activity (ALT) C) acid phosphatase (ACP) D) alkaline phosphatase (ALP) E) lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Values are presented as mean + SD. Lower case letter represents statistically (P < 0.05) different groups (one way ANOVA).
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
DNA strand breaks in blood cells (% tail DNA) of Oreochromis mossambicus exposed to different concentration of silver nanoparticle and control. Values are presented as mean + SD. Lower case letter represents statistically (P < 0.05) different groups (one way ANOVA).
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