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. 2024 Feb 19:33:e2023214.
doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222024v33e2023214.en. eCollection 2024.

Vaccine effectiveness in preventing deaths in people with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Blumenau, Brazil, 2021

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Emanuelle Renck  1 , Caroline Beatriz Zipper  1 , Marcio Rodrigues Fabrino Junior  1   2 , Luisa Andrea Torres Salgado  3 , Adriel Rowe  3 , Ernani Tiaraju de Santa Helena  1   2
Affiliations

Vaccine effectiveness in preventing deaths in people with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 in Blumenau, Brazil, 2021

[Article in English, Portuguese]
Emanuelle Renck et al. Epidemiol Serv Saude. .

Abstract
in English, Spanish, Portuguese

Objective: to analyze the vaccine effectiveness in preventing deaths attributed to severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 (SARS/COVID-19) in adults and the elderly, in Blumenau, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2021.

this was a population-based study conducted among individuals aged 20 years and older hospitalized with SARS/COVID-19; each death due to SARS/COVID-19 was considered a "case", and every survivor was considered a "control"; the association between vaccination status and the outcome of "death" was estimated using logistic regression, and vaccine effectiveness was estimated as (1-OR)*100.

The study included 1,756 cases of SARS/COVID-19 (59.2% male, mean age of 56 years, 50.4% with elementary education, 68.4% with comorbidities and 39.1% in intensive care), of whom 398 died (cases) and 1,358 survived (controls); vaccine effectiveness was 74% and 85% (20-59 years old) and 72% and 75% (≥ 60 years old), respectively, for those who were partially vaccinated and fully vaccinated.

Conclusion: vaccines proved to be effective in reducing case fatality ratio due to SARS/COVID-19 in individuals ≥ 20 years old.

Objetivo: analizar la efectividad de la vacuna para prevención de muertes por SRAG-COVID en adultos y ancianos de Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brasil, 2021.

Método: estudio de base poblacional con personas hospitalizadas por SRAG-COVID mayores de 20 años; las muertes por SRAG-COVID se consideraron casos y todos los supervivientes, controles; la asociación entre el estado de vacunación y la muerte se estimó mediante regresión logística; la efectividad de la vacuna se estimó por (1-OR)*100.

Resultados: participaram do estudo 1.756 casos de SRAG-COVID (59,2% del sexo masculino, edad media de 56 años, 50,4% con estudios primarios, 68,4% con comorbilidades y 39,1% en cuidados intensivos), dos quais 398 foram a óbito (casos) e 1.358 sobreviveram (controles); la efectividad de la vacuna fue del 74% y el 85% (20 a 59 años) y del 72% y el 75% (60 y más años), entre los que tenían vacunación parcial y completa, respectivamente.

Conclusión: las vacunas fueran efectivas para reducir la letalidad del SRAG-covid.

Objetivo: Analisar a efetividade vacinal na prevenção de óbitos atribuídos a síndrome respiratória aguda grave por covid-19 (SRAG-covid) em adultos e idosos, em Blumenau, Santa Catarina, Brasil, 2021.

Métodos: Estudo populacional, entre maiores de 20 anos de idade internados por SRAG-covid; considerou-se “caso” cada óbito por SRAG-covid, e “controle”, todo sobrevivente; estimou-se a associação entre a condição vacinal e o desfecho “óbito” por regressão logística, e a efetividade vacinal, por (1-OR)*100.

Resultados: Participaram do estudo 1.756 casos de SRAG-covid (59,2% do sexo masculino, idade média de 56 anos, 50,4% com ensino fundamental, 68,4% com comorbidades e 39,1% em cuidado intensivo), dos quais 398 foram a óbito (casos) e 1.358 sobreviveram (controles); a efetividade vacinal foi de 74% e 85% (20-59 anos) e de 72% e 75% (≥ 60 anos), respectivamente, para quem possuía vacinação parcial e vacinação completa.

Conclusão: Vacinas mostraram-se efetivas na redução da letalidade por SRAG-covid em indivíduos com idade ≥ 20 anos.

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Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Flowchart of the selection of study participants, based on cases of severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 (SARS/COVID-19), with onset of symptoms occurring between January 1 and December 31, in residents of the municipality of Blumenau, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2021
Figure 2
Figure 2. Vaccine effectiveness in reducing deaths in people with severe acute respiratory syndrome due to COVID-19 (SARS/COVID-19), by dose and age group, Blumenau, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, 2021
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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