The Future of Food Allergy Management: Advancements in Therapies

Abstract

Purpose of review: To review current and future treatment options for IgE-mediated food allergy.

Recent findings: Recent years have seen major developments in both allergen-specific and allergen-non-specific treatment options, with the first FDA-approved peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) product becoming available in 2020. In addition to OIT, other immunotherapy modalities, biologics, adjunct therapies, and novel therapeutics are under investigation. Food allergy is a potentially life-threatening condition associated with a significant psychosocial impact. Numerous products and protocols are under investigation, with most studies focusing on OIT. A high rate of adverse events, need for frequent office visits, and cost remain challenges with OIT. Further work is needed to unify outcome measures, develop treatment protocols that minimize adverse events, establish demographic and clinical factors that influence candidate selection, and identify patient priorities.

Keywords: Epicutaneous immunotherapy; Food allergy therapies; Food allergy treatment; Monoclonal antibodies; Oral immunotherapy (OIT); Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT).