Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2024 Feb 12;25(4):2202.
doi: 10.3390/ijms25042202.

Clostridioides difficile Flagella

Jean-Christophe Marvaud  1 , Sylvie Bouttier  1 , Johanna Saunier  2 , Imad Kansau  1
Affiliations
Review

Clostridioides difficile Flagella

Jean-Christophe Marvaud et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Clostridioides difficile is an important pathogen for humans with a lead in nosocomial infection, but it is also more and more common in communities. Our knowledge of the pathology has historically been focused on the toxins produced by the bacteria that remain its major virulence factors. But the dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota creating the conditions for the colonization appears to be fundamental for our understanding of the disease. Colonization implies several steps for the bacteria that do or do not use their capacity of motility with the synthesis of flagella. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of different topics on the C. difficile flagellum, ranging from its genetic organization to the vaccinal interest in it.

Keywords: Clostridioides difficile; flagellum; motility.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Genetic organization of the flagellar locus of C. difficile. The arrows show the extent and direction of the transcription of the genes with, in black, genes of the late operon (F3); in grey, genes of the glycan biosynthetic operon (F2-type 1 organization); and, in white, genes of the early operon (F1). Names of the genes cited in the text are indicated below their positions.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Atomic force microscopy (Innova, Brucker) of C. difficile 630 delta erm deposited on silicon wafer. Peritrichous flagella are indicated by blue arrows (personal image).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Alignments of FliC protein sequences of 20 C. difficile strains: A301.123 (GenBank: MCI9976946.1); HC132 (GenBank: NMS89690.1); ST848 (GenBank: UWI50438.1); ST632 (GenBank: UWD48927.1); CD85 (GenBank: EGT3785454.1); E10 (GenBank: CCK99127.1); lsh26 (GenBank: VFC60166.1); CD196 (GenBank: EQF88916.1); R20291 (GenBank: QPK95030.1); CD127 (GenBank: EQK93753.1); CD105KSO7 (GenBank: CZR95487.1); 2021EL-00999 (GenBank: MBY2229677.1); 2021EL-00594 (GenBank: MBY1102383.1); DA02633 (GenBank: HBG5846075.1); 2021EL-01125 (GenBank: MBY2081346.1); 630 (GenBank: NC_009089.1); VRECD0128 (GenBank: SJP36528.1); KS145 (GenBank: MDF3817077.1); DSM 28669 (GenBank: AXU63029.1); CDT4 (GenBank: AWH75966.1).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Czepiel J., Dróżdż M., Pituch H., Kuijper E.J., Perucki W., Mielimonka A., Goldman S., Wultańska D., Garlicki A., Biesiada G. Clostridium difficile Infection: Review. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 2019;38:1211–1221. doi: 10.1007/s10096-019-03539-6. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Smits W.K., Lyras D., Lacy D.B., Wilcox M.H., Kuijper E.J. Clostridium difficile Infection. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers. 2016;2:16020. doi: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.20. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ofori E., Ramai D., Dhawan M., Mustafa F., Gasperino J., Reddy M. Community-Acquired Clostridium difficile: Epidemiology, Ribotype, Risk Factors, Hospital and Intensive Care Unit Outcomes, and Current and Emerging Therapies. J. Hosp. Infect. 2018;99:436–442. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2018.01.015. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Chen S., Sun C., Wang H., Wang J. The Role of Rho GTPases in Toxicity of Clostridium difficile Toxins. Toxins. 2015;7:5254–5267. doi: 10.3390/toxins7124874. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Chandrasekaran R., Lacy D.B. The Role of Toxins in Clostridium difficile Infection. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 2017;41:723–750. doi: 10.1093/femsre/fux048. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources