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Review
. 2024 Feb 14;12(2):432.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12020432.

Advances in Pharmacological Approaches for Managing Hypercholesterolemia: A Comprehensive Overview of Novel Treatments

Andrea Mormone  1 , Giovanni Tortorella  1 , Francesca Esposito  1 , Alfredo Caturano  1   2 , Aldo Marrone  1 , Domenico Cozzolino  1 , Raffaele Galiero  1 , Raffaele Marfella  1 , Ferdinando Carlo Sasso  1 , Luca Rinaldi  3
Affiliations
Review

Advances in Pharmacological Approaches for Managing Hypercholesterolemia: A Comprehensive Overview of Novel Treatments

Andrea Mormone et al. Biomedicines. .

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia plays a crucial role in the formation of lipid plaques, particularly with elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels, which are linked to increased risks of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease. Controlling blood cholesterol values, specifically reducing LDL-C, is widely recognized as a key modifiable risk factor for decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with cardiovascular diseases. Historically, statins, by inhibiting the enzyme β-hydroxy β-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG)-CoA reductase, have been among the most effective drugs. However, newer non-statin agents have since been introduced into hypercholesterolemia therapy, providing a viable alternative with a favorable cost-benefit ratio. This paper aims to delve into the latest therapies, shedding light on their mechanisms of action and therapeutic benefits.

Keywords: atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease; hypercholesterolemia; lipid-lowering drugs; statins.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The mechanisms of the main cholesterol-lowering drugs.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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