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Review
. 2024 Feb 12;12(2):186.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines12020186.

Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Carrier-Assisted Targeted Controlled Release mRNA Vaccines in Tumor Immunity

Liusheng Wu  1   2 , Xiaoqiang Li  3 , Xinye Qian  1 , Shuang Wang  1 , Jixian Liu  3 , Jun Yan  1
Affiliations
Review

Lipid Nanoparticle (LNP) Delivery Carrier-Assisted Targeted Controlled Release mRNA Vaccines in Tumor Immunity

Liusheng Wu et al. Vaccines (Basel). .

Abstract

In recent years, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have attracted extensive attention in tumor immunotherapy. Targeting immune cells in cancer therapy has become a strategy of great research interest. mRNA vaccines are a potential choice for tumor immunotherapy, due to their ability to directly encode antigen proteins and stimulate a strong immune response. However, the mode of delivery and lack of stability of mRNA are key issues limiting its application. LNPs are an excellent mRNA delivery carrier, and their structural stability and biocompatibility make them an effective means for delivering mRNA to specific targets. This study summarizes the research progress in LNP delivery carrier-assisted targeted controlled release mRNA vaccines in tumor immunity. The role of LNPs in improving mRNA stability, immunogenicity, and targeting is discussed. This review aims to systematically summarize the latest research progress in LNP delivery carrier-assisted targeted controlled release mRNA vaccines in tumor immunity to provide new ideas and strategies for tumor immunotherapy, as well as to provide more effective treatment plans for patients.

Keywords: delivery carrier; lipid nanoparticles (LNPs); mRNA vaccine; review; tumor immunity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to improve the systemic delivery of mRNA-containing nanoparticles. (A) Treatment with nanoparticle (NP) only; (B) treatment with nanoprimer + nanoparticle.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Overview of cancer-associated changes in the tumor microenvironment.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sequencing technique of the GeoMx™ spatial analysis of RNA in FFPE tissue samples to analyze lipid nanoparticles (LNPs).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Active targeting of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to cancer cells.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-targeted drug delivery to cancer stem cells.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Lipid nanoparticle (LNP) drug delivery systems target liver cancer. (A) Nanoparticles (NPs); (B) ligands; (C) passive targeting; (D) active targeting.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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