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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2024 Jun;14(3):e12648.
doi: 10.1111/cob.12648. Epub 2024 Feb 24.

Treatment of childhood obesity based on the reduction of ultra-processed foods plus energy restriction: A randomised controlled trial based on the Brazilian guidelines

Joana Maia Brandão  1 , Rosely Sichieri  1 , Vitor Barreto Paravidino  1   2 , Simone Augusta Ribas  3 , Diana Barbosa Cunha  1
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Treatment of childhood obesity based on the reduction of ultra-processed foods plus energy restriction: A randomised controlled trial based on the Brazilian guidelines

Joana Maia Brandão et al. Clin Obes. 2024 Jun.

Abstract

Reducing ultra-processed foods (UPF) improves diet quality and may curb energy consumption. This study aimed to compare an intervention based on the reduction of UPF, according to the Dietary Guideline for the Brazilian Population (DGBP), with and without advice on energy intake. A parallel and randomised controlled trial was carried out with children with obesity from 7 to 12 years old. Both control (CG) and intervention groups (IG) participated monthly in 6 standardised educational activities based on the 10 steps of the DGBP. An individualised food plan was also provided to the IG. The rate of change for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body weight, and UPF consumption were investigated based on mixed-effect models. At the end of the study, the BMI declined in the IG (Δ = -0.27 kg/m2) compared to the CG (Δ = + 0.53 kg/m2) (p = .0002). Both groups showed a decline in grams of UPF until the fourth month and a gradual increase in the following months. Combining the qualitative approach of the DGBP with counselling on energy restriction through the diet plan proved to be effective in reducing childhood obesity. Clinical Trial Registration: This trial is registered at the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC), under the RBR-3st5sn registry, available at http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-3st5sn/. The datasets generated by the current study are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Keywords: clinical trial; food guide; paediatric obesity.

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