TPC has received educational support from Janssen and Dr Falk Pharma (UK), speaker fees from Janssen, Dr Falk Pharma (UK), and Tillotts Pharma, and consulting fees from Techspert, IQVIA, and Sermo. TA has received educational support from Celltrion Healthcare and Tillotts Pharma, speaker fees from F Hoffmann-La Roche, Pfizer, and Takeda, consulting fees from Amgen, Celltrion Healthcare, Janssen, and Eli Lilly, unrestricted grants from Celltrion Healthcare, Biogen, Nova Pharmaceuticals, Galapagos, Takeda, and Pfizer, and equipment, materials, drugs, medical writing, gifts, or other services from F Hoffmann-La Roche and MAST Group. JS plans a patent application to develop a non-immunogenic anti-TNF biological agent, is director of the UK Inflammatory Bowel Disease Registry, and has received consulting fees from Janssen, grants to Oxford University from the European Community, European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation, Helmsley Trust, Action Medical Research, and Crohn's and Colitis UK.