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. 2024 Feb 12;9(7):8448-8456.
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09659. eCollection 2024 Feb 20.

MXene-Embedded Porous Carbon-Based Cu2O Nanocomposites for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensors

Tami Selvi Gopal  1 , Jaimson T James  1 , Bharath Gunaseelan  1 , Karthikeyan Ramesh  1 , Vimala Raghavan  1 , Christina Josephine Malathi A  2 , K Amarnath  3 , V Ganesh Kumar  3 , Sofia Jennifer Rajasekaran  4 , Saravanan Pandiaraj  5 , Muthumareeswaran Mr  6 , Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu  7 , Chamil Abeykoon  8 , Abdullah N Alodhayb  9 , Andrews Nirmala Grace  1
Affiliations

MXene-Embedded Porous Carbon-Based Cu2O Nanocomposites for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensors

Tami Selvi Gopal et al. ACS Omega. .

Abstract

This work explores the use of MXene-embedded porous carbon-based Cu2O nanocomposite (Cu2O/M/AC) as a sensing material for the electrochemical sensing of glucose. The composite was prepared using the coprecipitation method and further analyzed for its morphological and structural characteristics. The highly porous scaffold of activated (porous) carbon facilitated the incorporation of MXene and copper oxide inside the pores and also acted as a medium for charge transfer. In the Cu2O/M/AC composite, MXene and Cu2O influence the sensing parameters, which were confirmed using electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and amperometric analysis. The prepared composite shows two sets of linear ranges for glucose with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.96 μM. The linear range was found to be 0.004 to 13.3 mM and 15.3 to 28.4 mM, with sensitivity values of 430.3 and 240.5 μA mM-1 cm-2, respectively. These materials suggest that the prepared Cu2O/M/AC nanocomposite can be utilized as a sensing material for non-enzymatic glucose sensors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing financial interest.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1. Schematic of the Synthesis Process of the Cu2O/M/AC Composite
Figure 1
Figure 1
FESEM images of (A) activated carbon, (B) octahedral Cu2O, (C) M-AC composite, (D) AC-Cu2O composite, and (E, F) Cu2O/M/AC composite (where MXene and Cu2O are highlighted in brown and blue, respectively).
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) EDAX spectrum of the Cu2O/M/AC composite, (B) FESEM image of the Cu2O/M/AC composite, (C) net EDAX mapping of the Cu2O/M/AC composite, and (D–G) EDAX elemental mapping of carbon, titanium, copper, and oxygen present in the composite.
Figure 3
Figure 3
X-ray diffraction of Cu2O, AC-Cu2O, and Cu2O/M/AC composites.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A) Nyquist plots of composites, (B) CV of AC, AC-Cu2O, M-AC, and Cu2O/M/AC in a ferri/ferrocyanide electrolyte, (C) CV of Cu2O/M/AC at different scan rates (0.01 to 0.1 V/s), and (D) plot of anodic and cathodic peak currents with respect to the square root of scan rates.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Sensing response study of different catalysts in the absence and presence of glucose: (A) M-AC and (B) Cu2O/M/AC (insets of (A) AC and (B) AC-Cu2O).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Electrolyte concentration optimization for the Cu2O/M/AC composite with different molarity of NaOH: (A) 0.05, (B) 0.10, (C) 0.15, and (D) 0.20 M.
Figure 7
Figure 7
(A) Cyclic voltammetry study of the Cu2O/M/AC composite at different concentrations of glucose (0–5 mM) and (B) potential optimization for the Cu2O/M/AC composite.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Sensing performance study of the Cu2O/M/AC composite. (A) Amperometric response, (B) expanded view of lower concentrations, (C) linear fitting curve of glucose concentration vs current, and (D) selectivity study using 1 mM glucose concentration along with 0.1 mM of other analytes (inset of panel B is the amperometric response in 1 μM glucose concentration).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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