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. 2024 Jan 26;16(1):e52984.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.52984. eCollection 2024 Jan.

Commercially Pure Titanium Implants With Selenium and Hyaluronic Acid Coating for Dental Applications

Soorya Ganesh  1 , Gheena S  1 , Kalaiyarasan Madhu  1
Affiliations

Commercially Pure Titanium Implants With Selenium and Hyaluronic Acid Coating for Dental Applications

Soorya Ganesh et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Background The current study demonstrated improved efficiency of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) dental implants with a biocompatible coating of selenium (Se) and hyaluronic acid (HA). Methods The sol-gel solution was made with hyaluronic acid and selenium nitrate in a 1:1 ratio. The coating sample was subjected to characterization studies such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, surface morphology analysis, contact angle, etc., to confirm the coating. The antimicrobial activity of the coating was studied by analyzing the zone of inhibition. Results The FTIR spectroscopy was analyzed to confirm the functional groups of Se/HA. The surface morphology of the coated sample appeared as tiny needles with a plate-like surface. The potentiodynamic polarization studies revealed that the coated Ti samples exhibit superior corrosion resistance. The antimicrobial activity of Staphylococcus aureus was found to be more effective at a concentration of 100 mg. Furthermore, the basic criteria of biomaterials were analyzed for hemocompatibility studies, which suggested a non-hemolytic character. Conclusion The biocompatible coating of Se and HA has proven to be of superior corrosion resistance and antimicrobial activity resistance, which validate the usage of dental implants.

Keywords: antibacterial effect; hyaluronic acid; selenium; sol-gel coating; titanium.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. SEM image of Se/HA-coated Ti surface
SEM: Scanning electron microscopy; Se: Selenium; HA: Hyaluronic acid; Ti: Titanium
Figure 2
Figure 2. FTIR spectra of Se/HA-coated Ti surface
FTIR: Fourier Transform Infrared; Se: Selenium; HA: Hyaluronic acid; Ti: Titanium; OH: Hydroxyl; C=O: Carboxyl; NH: Amide; C-O-C: Carbonyl; (SeO3)2-: Selenite ion; Ti-O: Titanium oxide ; Se-O: Selenium oxide
Figure 3
Figure 3. Water contact angle measurements of bare and coated Ti samples
Ti: Titanium; Se: Selenium; HA: Hyaluronic acid
Figure 4
Figure 4. Potentiodynamic polarization studies of bare and coated Ti samples evaluated in SBF solutions
Ti: Titanium; SBF: Simulated body fluid
Figure 5
Figure 5. (a) Graph showing the percentage of zone of inhibition produced by coated Ti sample extract against (b) E. coli and (c) S. aureus for different concentrations
Ti: Titanium; S.a: Staphylococcus aureus; E. coli: Escherichia coli
Figure 6
Figure 6. Hemocompatibility analysis of bare and coated Ti samples
Ti: Titanium
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