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. 2024 May;20(4):938-966.
doi: 10.1007/s12015-024-10696-5. Epub 2024 Feb 26.

Bone Regeneration with Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Scaffolds: Systematic Review of Human Clinical Trials

Astero Maria Theodosaki  1   2   3   4 , Maria Tzemi  5   6 , Nikiforos Galanis  7   8 , Athina Bakopoulou  9   10 , Eleni Kotsiomiti  9 , Eleni Aggelidou  11   10 , Aristeidis Kritis  11   10
Affiliations

Bone Regeneration with Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Scaffolds: Systematic Review of Human Clinical Trials

Astero Maria Theodosaki et al. Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2024 May.

Abstract

The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of stem cells in scaffolds in the treatment of bone deficits, in regard of bone regeneration, safety, rehabilitation and quality of life in humans. The systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020. A systematic search was conducted in three search engines and two registries lastly in 29-9-2022.for studies of the last 15 years. The risk of bias was assessed with RoB-2, ROBINS- I and NIH Quality of Before-After (Pre-Post) Studies with no Control group. The certainty of the results was assessed with the GRADE assessment tool. Due to heterogeneity, the results were reported in tables, graphs and narratively. The study protocol was published in PROSPERO with registration number CRD42022359049. Of the 10,091 studies retrieved, 14 were meeting the inclusion criteria, and were qualitatively analyzed. 138 patients were treated with mesenchymal stem cells in scaffolds, showing bone healing in all cases, and even with better results than the standard care. The adverse events were mild in most cases and in accordance with the surgery received. When assessed, there was a rehabilitation of the deficit and a gain in quality of life was detected. Although the heterogeneity between the studies and the small number of patients, the administration of mesenchymal stem cells in scaffolds seems safe and effective in the regeneration of bone defects. These results pave the way for the conduction of more clinical trials, with greater number of participants, with more standardized procedures.

Keywords: Biomaterial; Mesenchymal stem cell; Scaffold; Systematic review; bone.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA flow chart
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
A Type of Defect, B Origin of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. (a-BMMSCs: alveolar Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, ADMSCs: Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells, BFPCs: Buccal Fat Pad Stem Cells, BMMSCs: Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, DPMSCs: Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells, PDLSCs: Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
A Culture medium, B Serum
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
A Passage number, B Cell markers
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
A Type of Scaffold, B Materials of Scaffolds used, C Composition of Scaffolds used. B Magenda column: Sum of each type of scaffolds, Blue column: Number of each scaffold. C Purple column: Sum of each type of composition, Blue column : Number of each scaffold
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Risk of bias ROB-2 per study and per domain
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Risk of bias ROBINS-I per study and per domain
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Risk of bias NIH tool
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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