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. 2024 Feb 26;14(10):6938-6947.
doi: 10.1039/d4ra00469h. eCollection 2024 Feb 21.

Preparation of bio-based porous material with high oil adsorption capacity from bio-polyurethane and sugarcane bagasse

Thai Dinh Cuong  1 , Le Quang Dien  1 , Phan Huy Hoang  1
Affiliations

Preparation of bio-based porous material with high oil adsorption capacity from bio-polyurethane and sugarcane bagasse

Thai Dinh Cuong et al. RSC Adv. .

Abstract

This work presents the fabrication of bio-based porous material for highly efficient removing of oil from oil/water system. The sunflower oil-based polyol was synthesized and then used to replace the petro-polyol in the simultaneous preparation of a sugarcane bagasse-polyurethane composite (SC-PU composite) by inserting sugarcane fiber filler into the PU matrix. The bio-polyol was obtained from sunflower oil with a hydroxyl number of 182 mg KOH g-1, and functionality of 3.5 OH groups per mol. The bio-polyol and the newly designed bio-based SC-PU composite were characterized by NMR, FT-IR and SEM analysis. The effect of several parameters such as bio-polyol/petro-polyol ratio, dosage of adding sugarcane fiber and size of filler particles on oil adsorption capacity of a new sorbent material were also investigated. Oil sorption capacity of the newly designed sorbent was relatively high, up to 15.2 g g-1 when 20% sugarcane bagasse with a particle size of 1 mm was added into the bio-polyurethane matrix. This is nearly four times higher than that of neat PU foam without the biomass filler and lignocellulosic materials. This finding demonstrated the importance of selecting the right components to fabricate a cost-effective, highly renewable and biodegradable sorbent with high oil-water separation efficiency, reducing the use of chemicals from fossil sources.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts to declare.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Schematic representation of the process of obtaining the SC-PU composite.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2. 1H-NMR spectrum of sunflower oil and sunflower oil polyol.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3. FT-IR of sunflower oil (A) and sunflower oil-based bio-polyol (B).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4. (A) FT-IR spectrum of neat PU (blue line) and SC-PU composite with 10% sugarcane bagasse (red line) and 20% sugarcane bagasse (purple line); (B) magnification of the band from 1720–700 cm−1.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5. SEM image of virgin polyurethane (A) and biomass-PU composite with 20% sugarcane bagasse filler (B).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6. Oil adsorption capacity of SC-PU composite with different bio-polyol/petro-polyol ratio - with 20% SC filler with size of 1 mm (blue column) and without SC filler (orange column).
Fig. 7
Fig. 7. (A) Oil adsorption capacity of SC-PU composite with different dosage of SC filler (size of 1 mm) at different adsorption time (bio-polyol/petro-polyol ratio of 20/80 for all samples) and (B) influence of SC filler size on oil adsorption capacity of the sorbent (20% of sugarcane bagasse filler, bio-polyol/petro-polyol ratio of 20/80).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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