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. 2024 Jul 19;79(1):108-110.
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciae105.

Combined Protection of Vaccination and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir Against Hospitalization in Adults With COVID-19

Melisa M Shah  1 , Brendan Joyce  2 , Ian D Plumb  1 , Sam Sahakian  2 , Leora R Feldstein  1 , Eric Barkley  2 , Mason Paccione  2 , Joseph Deckert  2 , Danessa Sandmann  2 , Melissa Briggs Hagen  1 , Jacqueline L Gerhart  2
Affiliations

Combined Protection of Vaccination and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir Against Hospitalization in Adults With COVID-19

Melisa M Shah et al. Clin Infect Dis. .

Abstract

Among adults at risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the lowest hospitalization rate was among those who received nirmatrelvir-ritonavir after 3 or more messenger RNA vaccine doses (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.22; 95% confidence interval, .19-.24). Eligible adults, including those previously vaccinated, should be considered for COVID-19 antiviral treatment.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; nirmatrelvir-ritonavir; vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflicts of interest . B. J., S. S., E. B., M. P., J. D., D. S., and J. L. G. report being employed by Epic Systems Corporation. J. D. reports stock or stock options from Epic Systems. D. S. reports stock or stock options, privately held, part of employer compensation, from Epic Systems Corporation. All remaining authors: No reported conflicts of interest. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The aHRs for protection against progression to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalization among adults with mild to moderate COVID-19 by nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment status and number of monovalent mRNA vaccine doses—Cosmos, United States, April 2022–September 2022. Note that the other vaccination category is not included in the figure but was included in the model. The other vaccination category included 44 664 untreated participants with 446 hospitalized (33.6 hospitalizations per 100 000 person-days) and 21 469 nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treated participants with 101 hospitalized (18.1 hospitalizations per 100 000 person-days). Abbreviations: aHR, adjusted hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; mRNA, messenger RNA.
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Comment in

  • Is Paxlovid Still Worth It?
    Faust JS, Meyerowitz-Katz G. Faust JS, et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2024 Jul 19;79(1):111-114. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciae106. Clin Infect Dis. 2024. PMID: 38412357 No abstract available.

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