Quantitative CT lumbar spine BMD cutpoint value for classifying osteoporosis among older East Asian women should be lower than the value for Caucasians

Abstract

For Caucasian women, the QCT (quantitative CT) lumbar spine (LS) bone mineral density (BMD) cutpoint value for classifying osteoporosis is 80 mg/ml. At the age of approximate 78 years, US Caucasian women QCT LS BMD population mean is 80 mg/ml, while that of Chinese women and Japanese women is around 50 mg/ml. Correlation analyses show, for Chinese women and Japanese women, QCT LS BMD of 45 mg/ml corresponds to the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry cutpoint value for classifying osteoporosis. For Chinese and Japanese women, if QCT LS BMD 80 mg/ml is used as the threshold to classify osteoporosis, then the specificity of classifying subjects with vertebral fragility fracture into the osteoporotic group is low, whereas threshold of 45 mg/ml approximately achieve a similar separation for women with and without vertebral fragility fracture as the reports for Caucasian women. Moreover, by using 80mg/ml as the cutpoint value, LS QCT leads to excessively high prevalence of osteoporosis for Chinese women, with the discordance between hip dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and LS QCT measures far exceeding expectation. Considering the different bone properties and the much lower prevalence of fragility fractures in the East Asian women compared with Caucasians, we argue that the QCT cutpoint value for classifying osteoporosis among older East Asian women will be close to and no more than 50 mg/ml LS BMD. We suggest that it is also imperative the QCT osteoporosis classification criterion for East Asian male LS, and male and female hips be re-examined.

Keywords: Asians; Bone mineral density (BMD); Chinese; Osteoporosis; Quantitative CT.