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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2024 Feb 29;28(1):64.
doi: 10.1186/s13054-024-04842-1.

Prevention of post-operative delirium using an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a pragmatic, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Olivier Huet  1 , Thomas Gargadennec  2 , Jean-Ferréol Oilleau  2 , Bertrand Rozec  3 , Nicolas Nesseler  4 , Adrien Bouglé  5 , Thomas Kerforne  6 , Sigismond Lasocki  7 , Vedat Eljezi  8 , Géraldine Dessertaine  9 , Julien Amour  10 , Xavier Chapalain  2 ; EXACTUM and the Atlanrea Study Group
Collaborators, Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Prevention of post-operative delirium using an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a pragmatic, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Olivier Huet et al. Crit Care. .

Abstract

Background: After cardiac surgery, post-operative delirium (PoD) is acknowledged to have a significant negative impact on patient outcome. To date, there is no valuable and specific treatment for PoD. Critically ill patients often suffer from poor sleep condition. There is an association between delirium and sleep quality after cardiac surgery. This study aimed to establish whether promoting sleep using an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine reduces the incidence of delirium after cardiac surgery.

Methods: Randomized, pragmatic, multicentre, double-blind, placebo controlled trial from January 2019 to July 2021. All adult patients aged 65 years or older requiring elective cardiac surgery were randomly assigned 1:1 either to the dexmedetomidine group or the placebo group on the day of surgery. Dexmedetomidine or matched placebo infusion was started the night after surgery from 8 pm to 8 am and administered every night while the patient remained in ICU, or for a maximum of 7 days. Primary outcome was the occurrence of postoperative delirium (PoD) within the 7 days after surgery.

Results: A total of 348 patients provided informed consent, of whom 333 were randomized: 331 patients underwent surgery and were analysed (165 assigned to dexmedetomidine and 166 assigned to placebo). The incidence of PoD was not significantly different between the two groups (12.6% vs. 12.4%, p = 0.97). Patients treated with dexmedetomidine had significantly more hypotensive events (7.3% vs 0.6%; p < 0.01). At 3 months, functional outcomes (Short-form 36, Cognitive failure questionnaire, PCL-5) were comparable between the two groups.

Conclusion: In patients recovering from an elective cardiac surgery, an overnight infusion of dexmedetomidine did not decrease postoperative delirium. Trial registration This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (number: NCT03477344; date: 26th March 2018).

Keywords: Cardiac surgery; Delirium; Dexmedetomidine; Sleep quality.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interest for this manuscript.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flowchart of the study
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Daily evaluation of sleep quality by the LSEQ (Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire) in as-treated population. The horizontal lines in the centre of each boxes indicates the median; lower and upper hinges correspond respectively to the first and third quartiles (the 25th and 75th percentiles); upper whisker extends from the hinge to the largest value no further than 1.5 times IQR from the hinge (where IQR is the inter-quartile range, or distance between the first and third quartiles); lower whisker extends from the hinge to the smallest value at most 1.5 times IQR of the hinge. Data beyond the end of the whiskers represents outliers and are plotted individually. *: p < 0.05, results are expressed with box and whiskers
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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