Sensitivity of lateral flow technique for diagnosis of canine parvovirus

Abstract

In this study, we devised a nanogold lateral flow immunoassay (LFA-CPV antigen test) for detecting canine parvovirus (CPV) in living attenuated CPV vaccines. We conducted instrumental characterization of the prepared nanogold particles and the developed LFA-CPV antigen test was rigorously evaluated for its performance verification including limit of detection, sensitivity, specificity, selectivity and accuracy. The LFA-CPV antigen test demonstrated strong performance when assessed against qPCR using different batches of live attenuated CPV vaccines, indicated a sensitivity of 96.4%, specificity of 88.2%, and an overall accuracy of 95%. These results suggest that the developed LFA-CPV antigen test could serve as a viable alternative for evaluation live attenuated CPV vaccines, and provide it as a point of care test for CPV diagnosis, offering a potential substitute for traditional laboratory methods, particularly qPCR.

Keywords: Antigen testing; CPV; Canine parvovirus vaccine; Diagnostic testing; Gold nanoparticles; Immuno-chromatographic; Lateral flow assay; Sensitivity and specificity.

Figure 1

The description of the lateral flow assay (LFA) using the prepared LFA strip reveals the inclusion of distinct components: a sample pad, conjugation pad, nitrocellulose membrane, test line, control line, and an absorption pad.

Figure 2

TEM images of prepared Au NPs with different scales (100 and 200 nm) and SAED patterns.

Figure 3

UV–Vis absorption spectra of the prepared Au NPs. The absorbance spectra were normalized at 300 nm.

Figure 4

(a) Linear range and equation for CPV using qPCR. (b) Limit of detection (LOD) of the prepared LFA-CPV antigen using serial dilutions of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) spiked with CPV.