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. 2024 Feb 22;10(5):e26726.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26726. eCollection 2024 Mar 15.

Biomechanical study of different bone cement distribution on osteoporotic vertebral compression Fracture-A finite element analysis

Chengqiang Zhou  1   2   3 , Xiao Meng  1   3 , Shaolong Huang  1   2   3 , Han Chen  2   3 , Haibin Zhou  1   3 , Yifeng Liao  1   3 , Zhongjian Tang  1   3 , Xu Zhang  1   3 , Hua Li  1 , Wei Sun  2 , Yunqing Wang  1
Affiliations

Biomechanical study of different bone cement distribution on osteoporotic vertebral compression Fracture-A finite element analysis

Chengqiang Zhou et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the biomechanical effects of different bone cement distribution methods on osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).

Patients and methods: Raw CT data from a healthy male volunteer was used to create a finite element model of the T12-L2 vertebra using finite element software. A compression fracture was simulated in the L1 vertebra, and two forms of bone cement dispersion (integration group, IG, and separation group, SG) were also simulated. Six types of loading (flexion, extension, left/right bending, and left/right rotation) were applied to the models, and the stress distribution in the vertebra and intervertebral discs was observed. Additionally, the maximum displacement of the L1 vertebra was evaluated.

Results: Bone cement injection significantly reduced stress following L1 vertebral fractures. In the L1 vertebral body, the maximum stress of SG was lower than that of IG during flexion, left/right bending, and left/right rotation. In the T12 vertebral body, compared with IG, the maximum stress of SG decreased during flexion and right rotation. In the L2 vertebral body, the maximum stress of SG was the lowest under all loading conditions. In the T12-L1 intervertebral disc, compared with IG, the maximum stress of SG decreased during flexion, extension, and left/right bending and was basically the same during left/right rotation. However, in the L1-L2 intervertebral discs, the maximum stress of SG increased during left/right rotation compared with that of IG. Furthermore, the maximum displacement of SG was smaller than that of IG in the L1 vertebral bodies under all loading conditions.

Conclusions: SG can reduce the maximum stress in the vertebra and intervertebral discs, offering better biomechanical performance and improved stability than IG.

Keywords: Biomechanics; Bone cement distribution; Compression fracture; Finite element analysis; Osteoporosis; Vertebroplasty.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
L1 vertebral fracture model.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Bone cement distribution model (A: IG; B: SG), IG, integration group; SG, separation group.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
T12-L2 finite element models (A: Three-dimensional solid Model; B: Mesh division of the finite element model).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
A: Applying fixed constraints to the lower surface of L2; B: Applying a vertical load of 400 N and moment forces of 10 N m to the upper surface of T12.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Comparison of the Range of Motion (ROM) of T12-L2 in the model developed in this study with previously reported data.
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Maximum Von Mises stress of the vertebra and intervertebral discs, and maximum displacement of L1. NG, non-injected group; IG, integration group; SG, separation group.
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Stress cloud pictures of the L1 vertebral body. Stress cloud pictures of the L1 vertebral body in NG, IG, and SG during flexion, extension, left/right bending, and left/right rotation. NG, non-injected group; IG, integration group; SG, separation group.
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Stress cloud pictures of the T12 vertebral body. Stress cloud pictures of the T12 vertebral body in NG, IG, and SG during flexion, extension, left/right bending, and left/right rotation. NG, non-injected group; IG, integration group; SG, separation group.
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Stress cloud pictures of the L2 vertebral body. Stress cloud pictures of the L2 vertebral body in NG, IG, and SG during flexion, extension, left/right bending, and left/right rotation. NG, non-injected group; IG, integration group; SG, separation group.
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
Von Mises stress cloud pictures of T12-L1 intervertebral disc. Von Mises stress cloud pictures of T12-L1 intervertebral disc in NG, IG, and SG during flexion, extension, left/right bending, and left/right rotation. NG, non-injected group; IG, integration group; SG, separation group.
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
Von Mises stress cloud pictures of L1-L2 intervertebral disc. Von Mises stress cloud pictures of L1-L2 intervertebral disc in NG, IG, and SG during flexion, extension, left/right bending, and left/right rotation. NG, non-injected group; IG, integration group; SG, separation group.
Fig. 12
Fig. 12
Displacement cloud pictures of the L1 vertebral body. Displacement cloud pictures of the L1 vertebral body in NG, IG, and SG during flexion, extension, left/right bending, and left/right rotation. NG, non-injected group; IG, integration group; SG, separation group.
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