Surgical Correction and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) Evaluation of Non-syndromic Congenital Double Lip: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Congenital double lip is a rare clinical finding that is more common in the upper lip, but the lower lip can also be involved in a few cases. It has no gender predilection, and its incidence rate is yet unknown. It can be classified into two types: congenital or acquired. Congenital type results from the persistence of the sulcus between the pars glabrosa and the pars villosa, while the acquired type occurs secondary to trauma and oral habits such as lip sucking and lip biting. It can be syndromic or non-syndromic based on the other systemic involvement. In the present case, a 24-year-old male patient presented to the outpatient department (OPD) with the chief complaint of an excessive tissue fold visible in relation to his upper lip while smiling and talking, which posed an aesthetic concern to the patient and decreased his self-esteem. The oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was taken before and after the treatment to assess patient satisfaction and improvement in quality of life after surgery. The patient was diagnosed with a non-syndromic congenital double lip based on clinical history and oral examination. The surgical removal of excessive lip tissue was done, and the lesion healed completely with no recurrence up to a six-month follow-up. This case report illustrates the uncomplicated surgical treatment for congenital double lips and improves the patient's aesthetic.

Keywords: aesthetic; congenital; double lip; hyperplastic tissue; non-syndromic; ohrqol.

Figure 1. (a-b) Preoperative clinical view and preoperative frontal view showing extra mucosal tissue on accentuation of the upper lip.

Figure 2. Intraoperative view showing the incision and removal of the excessive lip tissue.

Figure 3. Intraoperative photos showing (a) the removed excessive mucosal tissue and (b) the approximation of tissue with silk sutures after the removal of the excess tissue.

Figure 4. (a) Postoperative photograph of the patient immediately after surgery. (b) Postoperative photograph of the patient after two weeks.

Figure 5. (a) Postoperative photograph of the patient, one month postoperatively. (b) Postoperative photograph of the patient, six months postoperatively.

Figure 6. Photomicrographs of hematoxylin and eosin staining. (a) Photomicrograph at low magnification (10×) exhibiting normal mucosal tissue. (b) Photomicrograph at 40× magnification showing normal mucous acini with striated and excretory ducts.