The Relationship Between Vertigo/Dizziness and Somatoform Complaints: A Systematic Review

Abstract

To systematically synthesize published literature on somatoform complaints as psychological factors in vertigo/dizziness to determine the characteristics of comorbidities, relationships and causality. Following PRISMA guidelines, systematic searches of PubMed, WOS, and Cochrane Library databases and manual follow-up reference searches were performed for articles published in English up to 2021. All original research studies and retrospective or prospective studies focusing on the relationship between vertigo/dizziness and somatoform complaints/somatization were systematically retrieved. Studies that did not include data on the association between somatoform complaints/somatization and vertigo/dizziness were excluded, as were reviews, comments, case reports, editorials, letters, and practice guidelines. Extracted data included research type, number of participants, assessment tools for vertigo/dizziness and somatoform complaints/somatization, statistical methods, and the main results. The quality of included studies was evaluated. Records identified through database searching n = 1238. After removing duplicates and unrelated articles based on abstract and title search, 155 articles recorded as relevant. Except for the 5 articles, title and abstract of all records screened and 88 of them excluded. Critically evaluating those full texts, 28 studies included. The present study highlights the relationship between the vertigo/dizziness and somatoform complaints/somatization. It is determined that somatoform complaints of the individuals suffering from vertigo/dizziness is highly prevelant and some other factor such as personality characteristics or accompanying psychopathology have affect on the prevelance. The main results of all reviewed studies emphasize the requirement for assessment and intervention of vertigo/dizziness, in collaboration with the department of psychiatry. PROSPERO REGISTRATION: PROSPERO: CRD42020222273.

Keywords: Dizziness; Somatoform complaints; Systematic review; Vertigo.

Fig. 1

PRISMA 2009 Flow Diagram (Identification, Screening, Eligibity, Included)