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. 2024 Feb;76(1):158-167.
doi: 10.1007/s12070-023-04116-2. Epub 2023 Aug 21.

A Detailed Assessment of Variations of Ethmoid Roof, Olfactory Fossa, and Anterior Ethmoidal Artery on CT Scan of Paranasal Sinuses of 200 Patients

Lovepreet Singh Randhawa  1 , Ashish Semwal  1 , Rajendra Kumar Srivastava  1 , Sharad Hernot  2 , Rajiv Kumar Azad  1 , Madhuri Kaintura  2 , Manali Arora  1 , Gurpreet Kaur Atwal  3
Affiliations

A Detailed Assessment of Variations of Ethmoid Roof, Olfactory Fossa, and Anterior Ethmoidal Artery on CT Scan of Paranasal Sinuses of 200 Patients

Lovepreet Singh Randhawa et al. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2024 Feb.

Abstract

To study and analyse the variations in ethmoid roof anatomy and estimate the anatomical location and variations of AEA on CT scans. The study is conducted on 200 patients for detailed analysis of the olfactory fossa (OF) depth, supraorbital pneumatisation, and AEA location and distance from the skull base. In our study, Keros type II was predominant type seen followed by type I. Asymmetry was noted in 32/200 subjects (16%). The anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) canal was seen in 341/400 sides (85.2%). We found Keros type II was the most common type in our study. We also found grade I anterior ethmoidal artery as the most common variant and the dangerous grade III anterior ethmoidal artery was least common type found in this study, and there was a significant association of Keros type II with increasing anterior ethmoidal artery grading.

Keywords: Anatomical variations; Anterior ethmoid artery; CT scan; Ethmoid roof; Olfactory fossa; Paranasal sinuses.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestThe authors have not disclosed any competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Pic showing Keros Classification for depth of Olfactory Fossa. A: Keros Type I (OF depth of 1–3 mm), B: Keros Type II (OF depth of 4–7 mm). C: Keros Type II (OF depth of ≥ 8 mm)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Pic showing Important Findings and Landmarks seen on CT scan of PNS. A: The CT PNS showing presence of supraorbital ethmoid cell. B: The CT PNS showing presence of Anterior Ethmoidal Foramen. C: The CT PNS showing presence of Anterior Ethmoidal Sulcus. D: The CT PNS showing presence of Anterior Ethmoidal Canal
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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